NAME
    BusyBox - The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux

SYNTAX
     busybox <applet> [arguments...]  # or

     <applet> [arguments...]            # if symlinked

DESCRIPTION
    BusyBox combines tiny versions of many common UNIX utilities into a
    single small executable. It provides minimalist replacements for most of
    the utilities you usually find in GNU coreutils, util-linux, etc. The
    utilities in BusyBox generally have fewer options than their
    full-featured GNU cousins; however, the options that are included
    provide the expected functionality and behave very much like their GNU
    counterparts.

    BusyBox has been written with size-optimization and limited resources in
    mind. It is also extremely modular so you can easily include or exclude
    commands (or features) at compile time. This makes it easy to customize
    your embedded systems. To create a working system, just add /dev, /etc,
    and a Linux kernel. BusyBox provides a fairly complete POSIX environment
    for any small or embedded system.

    BusyBox is extremely configurable. This allows you to include only the
    components you need, thereby reducing binary size. Run 'make config' or
    'make menuconfig' to select the functionality that you wish to enable.
    Then run 'make' to compile BusyBox using your configuration.

    After the compile has finished, you should use 'make install' to install
    BusyBox. This will install the 'bin/busybox' binary, in the target
    directory specified by CONFIG_PREFIX. CONFIG_PREFIX can be set when
    configuring BusyBox, or you can specify an alternative location at
    install time (i.e., with a command line like 'make
    CONFIG_PREFIX=/tmp/foo install'). If you enabled any applet installation
    scheme (either as symlinks or hardlinks), these will also be installed
    in the location pointed to by CONFIG_PREFIX.

USAGE
    BusyBox is a multi-call binary. A multi-call binary is an executable
    program that performs the same job as more than one utility program.
    That means there is just a single BusyBox binary, but that single binary
    acts like a large number of utilities. This allows BusyBox to be smaller
    since all the built-in utility programs (we call them applets) can share
    code for many common operations.

    You can also invoke BusyBox by issuing a command as an argument on the
    command line. For example, entering

            /bin/busybox ls

    will also cause BusyBox to behave as 'ls'.

    Of course, adding '/bin/busybox' into every command would be painful. So
    most people will invoke BusyBox using links to the BusyBox binary.

    For example, entering

            ln -s /bin/busybox ls
            ./ls

    will cause BusyBox to behave as 'ls' (if the 'ls' command has been
    compiled into BusyBox). Generally speaking, you should never need to
    make all these links yourself, as the BusyBox build system will do this
    for you when you run the 'make install' command.

    If you invoke BusyBox with no arguments, it will provide you with a list
    of the applets that have been compiled into your BusyBox binary.

COMMON OPTIONS
    Most BusyBox applets support the --help argument to provide a terse
    runtime description of their behavior. If the
    CONFIG_FEATURE_VERBOSE_USAGE option has been enabled, more detailed
    usage information will also be available.

COMMANDS
    Currently available applets include:

            [, [[, addgroup, adduser, adjtimex, ar, arp, arping, ash, awk, 
            basename, bbconfig, bbsh, blkid, brctl, bunzip2, busybox, bzcat, 
            bzip2, cal, cat, catv, chat, chattr, chcon, chgrp, chmod, chown, 
            chpasswd, chpst, chroot, chrt, chvt, cksum, clear, cmp, comm, cp, 
            cpio, crond, crontab, cryptpw, cttyhack, cut, date, dc, dd, 
            deallocvt, delgroup, deluser, depmod, devfsd, devmem, df, 
            dhcprelay, diff, dirname, dmesg, dnsd, dos2unix, dpkg, dpkg_deb, 
            du, dumpkmap, dumpleases, e2fsck, echo, ed, egrep, eject, env, 
            envdir, envuidgid, ether_wake, expand, expr, fakeidentd, false, 
            fbset, fbsplash, fdflush, fdformat, fdisk, fgrep, find, findfs, 
            fold, free, freeramdisk, fsck, fsck_minix, ftpget, ftpput, fuser, 
            getenforce, getopt, getsebool, getty, grep, gunzip, gzip, halt, 
            hd, hdparm, head, hexdump, hostid, hostname, httpd, hush, 
            hwclock, id, ifconfig, ifdown, ifenslave, ifup, inetd, init, 
            inotifyd, insmod, install, ip, ipaddr, ipcalc, ipcrm, ipcs, 
            iplink, iproute, iprule, iptunnel, kbd_mode, kill, killall, 
            killall5, klogd, lash, last, length, less, linux32, linux64, 
            linuxrc, ln, load_policy, loadfont, loadkmap, logger, login, 
            logname, logread, losetup, lpd, lpq, lpr, ls, lsattr, lsmod, 
            lzmacat, makedevs, makemime, man, matchpathcon, md5sum, mdev, 
            mesg, microcom, mkdir, mke2fs, mkfifo, mkfs_minix, mknod, mkswap, 
            mktemp, modprobe, more, mount, mountpoint, msh, mt, mv, nameif, 
            nc, netstat, nice, nmeter, nohup, nslookup, od, openvt, parse, 
            passwd, patch, pgrep, pidof, ping, ping6, pipe_progress, 
            pivot_root, pkill, popmaildir, poweroff, printenv, printf, ps, 
            pscan, pwd, raidautorun, rdate, rdev, readahead, readlink, 
            readprofile, realpath, reboot, reformime, renice, reset, resize, 
            restorecon, rm, rmdir, rmmod, route, rpm, rpm2cpio, rtcwake, 
            run_parts, runcon, runlevel, runsv, runsvdir, rx, script, sed, 
            selinuxenabled, sendmail, seq, sestatus, setarch, setconsole, 
            setenforce, setfiles, setfont, setkeycodes, setlogcons, 
            setsebool, setsid, setuidgid, sh, sha1sum, showkey, slattach, 
            sleep, softlimit, sort, split, start_stop_daemon, stat, strings, 
            stty, su, sulogin, sum, sv, svlogd, swapoff, swapon, switch_root, 
            sync, sysctl, syslogd, tac, tail, tar, taskset, tc, tcpsvd, tee, 
            telnet, telnetd, test, tftp, tftpd, time, top, touch, tr, 
            traceroute, true, tty, ttysize, tune2fs, udhcpc, udhcpd, udpsvd, 
            umount, uname, uncompress, unexpand, uniq, unix2dos, unlzma, 
            unzip, uptime, usleep, uudecode, uuencode, vconfig, vi, vlock, 
            watch, watchdog, wc, wget, which, who, whoami, xargs, yes, zcat, zcip

COMMAND DESCRIPTIONS
    addgroup
        addgroup [-g GID] [user_name] group_name

        Add a group or add an user to a group

        Options:

                -g GID  Group id

    adduser
        adduser [OPTIONS] user_name

        Add an user

        Options:

                -h DIR          Home directory
                -g GECOS        GECOS field
                -s SHELL        Login shell
                -G GROUP        Add user to existing group
                -S              Create a system user
                -D              Do not assign a password
                -H              Do not create home directory

    adjtimex
        adjtimex [-q] [-o offset] [-f frequency] [-p timeconstant] [-t tick]

        Read and optionally set system timebase parameters. See adjtimex(2).

        Options:

                -q              Quiet
                -o offset       Time offset, microseconds
                -f frequency    Frequency adjust, integer kernel units (65536 is 1ppm)
                                (positive values make clock run faster)
                -t tick         Microseconds per tick, usually 10000
                -p timeconstant

    ar  ar [-o] [-v] [-p] [-t] [-x] ARCHIVE FILES

        Extract or list FILES from an ar archive

        Options:

                -o      Preserve original dates
                -p      Extract to stdout
                -t      List
                -x      Extract
                -v      Verbose

    arp arp [-vn] [-H type] [-i if] -a [hostname] [-v] [-i if] -d hostname
        [pub] [-v] [-H type] [-i if] -s hostname hw_addr [temp] [-v] [-H
        type] [-i if] -s hostname hw_addr [netmask nm] pub [-v] [-H type]
        [-i if] -Ds hostname ifa [netmask nm] pub

        Manipulate ARP cache

        Options:

                -a              Display (all) hosts
                -s              Set new ARP entry
                -d              Delete a specified entry
                -v              Verbose
                -n              Don't resolve names
                -i IF           Network interface
                -D              Read <hwaddr> from given device
                -A, -p AF       Protocol family
                -H HWTYPE       Hardware address type

    arping
        arping [-fqbDUA] [-c count] [-w timeout] [-I dev] [-s sender] target

        Send ARP requests/replies

        Options:

                -f              Quit on first ARP reply
                -q              Quiet
                -b              Keep broadcasting, don't go unicast
                -D              Duplicated address detection mode
                -U              Unsolicited ARP mode, update your neighbors
                -A              ARP answer mode, update your neighbors
                -c N            Stop after sending N ARP requests
                -w timeout      Time to wait for ARP reply, in seconds
                -I dev          Interface to use (default eth0)
                -s sender       Sender IP address
                target          Target IP address

    ash ash #define ash_full_usage

    awk awk [OPTION]... [program-text] [FILE...]

        Options:

                -v var=val      Set variable
                -F sep          Use sep as field separator
                -f file         Read program from file

    basename
        basename FILE [SUFFIX]

        Strip directory path and suffixes from FILE. If specified, also
        remove any trailing SUFFIX.

        Example:

                $ basename /usr/local/bin/foo
                foo
                $ basename /usr/local/bin/
                bin
                $ basename /foo/bar.txt .txt
                bar

    bbconfig
        bbconfig

        Print the config file which built busybox

    bbsh
        bbsh [FILE]... or: bbsh -c command [args]...

        The bbsh shell (command interpreter)

    blkid
        blkid

        Print UUIDs of all filesystems.

    brctl
        brctl COMMAND [BRIDGE [INTERFACE]]

        Manage ethernet bridges.

        Commands:

                show                    Show a list of bridges
                addbr BRIDGE            Create BRIDGE
                delbr BRIDGE            Delete BRIDGE
                addif BRIDGE IFACE      Add IFACE to BRIDGE
                delif BRIDGE IFACE      Delete IFACE from BRIDGE
                setageing BRIDGE TIME           Set ageing time
                setfd BRIDGE TIME               Set bridge forward delay
                sethello BRIDGE TIME            Set hello time
                setmaxage BRIDGE TIME           Set max message age
                setpathcost BRIDGE COST         Set path cost
                setportprio BRIDGE PRIO         Set port priority
                setbridgeprio BRIDGE PRIO       Set bridge priority
                stp BRIDGE [1|0]                STP on/off

    bunzip2
        bunzip2 [OPTION]... [FILE]

        Uncompress FILE (or standard input if FILE is '-' or omitted)

        Options:

                -c      Write to standard output
                -f      Force

    busybox
        busybox

        Hello world!

    bzcat
        bzcat FILE

        Uncompress to stdout

    bzip2
        bzip2 [OPTION]... [FILE]...

        Compress FILE(s) with bzip2 algorithm. When FILE is '-' or
        unspecified, reads standard input. Implies -c.

        Options:

                -c      Write to standard output
                -d      Decompress
                -f      Force
                -1..-9  Compression level

    cal cal [-jy] [[month] year]

        Display a calendar

        Options:

                -j      Use julian dates
                -y      Display the entire year

    cat cat [-u] [FILE]...

        Concatenate FILE(s) and print them to stdout

        Options:

                -u      Use unbuffered i/o (ignored)

        Example:

                $ cat /proc/uptime
                110716.72 17.67

    catv
        catv [-etv] [FILE]...

        Display nonprinting characters as ^x or M-x

        Options:

                -e      End each line with $
                -t      Show tabs as ^I
                -v      Don't use ^x or M-x escapes

    chat
        chat EXPECT [SEND [EXPECT [SEND...]]]

        Useful for interacting with a modem connected to stdin/stdout. A
        script consists of one or more "expect-send" pairs of strings, each
        pair is a pair of arguments. Example: chat '' ATZ OK ATD123456
        CONNECT '' ogin: pppuser word: ppppass '~'

    chattr
        chattr [-R] [-+=AacDdijsStTu] [-v version] files...

        Change file attributes on an ext2 fs

        Modifiers:

                -       Remove attributes
                +       Add attributes
                =       Set attributes
        Attributes:

                A       Don't track atime
                a       Append mode only
                c       Enable compress
                D       Write dir contents synchronously
                d       Do not backup with dump
                i       Cannot be modified (immutable)
                j       Write all data to journal first
                s       Zero disk storage when deleted
                S       Write file contents synchronously
                t       Disable tail-merging of partial blocks with other files
                u       Allow file to be undeleted
        Options:

                -R      Recursively list subdirectories
                -v      Set the file's version/generation number

    chcon
        chcon [OPTIONS] CONTEXT FILE... chcon [OPTIONS] [-u USER] [-r ROLE]
        [-l RANGE] [-t TYPE] FILE... chcon [OPTIONS] --reference=RFILE
        FILE...

        Change the security context of each FILE to CONTEXT

                -v,--verbose            Verbose
                -c,--changes            Report changes made
                -h,--no-dereference     Affect symlinks instead of their targets
                -f,--silent,--quiet     Suppress most error messages
                --reference=RFILE       Use RFILE's group instead of using a CONTEXT value
                -u,--user=USER          Set user/role/type/range in the target
                -r,--role=ROLE          security context
                -t,--type=TYPE
                -l,--range=RANGE
                -R,--recursive          Recurse subdirectories

    chgrp
        chgrp [-RhLHPcvf]... GROUP FILE...

        Change the group membership of each FILE to GROUP

        Options:

                -R      Recurse directories
                -h      Affect symlinks instead of symlink targets
                -L      Traverse all symlinks to directories
                -H      Traverse symlinks on command line only
                -P      Do not traverse symlinks (default)
                -c      List changed files
                -v      Verbose
                -f      Hide errors

        Example:

                $ ls -l /tmp/foo
                -r--r--r--    1 andersen andersen        0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
                $ chgrp root /tmp/foo
                $ ls -l /tmp/foo
                -r--r--r--    1 andersen root            0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo

    chmod
        chmod [-Rcvf] MODE[,MODE]... FILE...

        Each MODE is one or more of the letters ugoa, one of the symbols +-=
        and one or more of the letters rwxst

        Options:

                -R      Recurse directories
                -c      List changed files
                -v      List all files
                -f      Hide errors

        Example:

                $ ls -l /tmp/foo
                -rw-rw-r--    1 root     root            0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
                $ chmod u+x /tmp/foo
                $ ls -l /tmp/foo
                -rwxrw-r--    1 root     root            0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo*
                $ chmod 444 /tmp/foo
                $ ls -l /tmp/foo
                -r--r--r--    1 root     root            0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo

    chown
        chown [-RhLHPcvf]... OWNER[<.|:>[GROUP]] FILE...

        Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP

        Options:

                -R      Recurse directories
                -h      Affect symlinks instead of symlink targets
                -L      Traverse all symlinks to directories
                -H      Traverse symlinks on command line only
                -P      Do not traverse symlinks (default)
                -c      List changed files
                -v      List all files
                -f      Hide errors

        Example:

                $ ls -l /tmp/foo
                -r--r--r--    1 andersen andersen        0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
                $ chown root /tmp/foo
                $ ls -l /tmp/foo
                -r--r--r--    1 root     andersen        0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo
                $ chown root.root /tmp/foo
                ls -l /tmp/foo
                -r--r--r--    1 root     root            0 Apr 12 18:25 /tmp/foo

    chpasswd
        chpasswd [--md5|--encrypted]

        Read user:password information from stdin and update /etc/passwd
        accordingly.

        Options:

                -e,--encrypted  Supplied passwords are in encrypted form
                -m,--md5        Use MD5 encryption instead of DES

    chpst
        chpst [-vP012] [-u USER[:GRP]] [-U USER[:GRP]] [-e DIR] [-/ DIR] [-n
        NICE] [-m BYTES] [-d BYTES] [-o N] [-p N] [-f BYTES] [-c BYTES] PROG
        ARGS

        Change the process state and run PROG

        Options:

                -u USER[:GRP]   Set uid and gid
                -U USER[:GRP]   Set $UID and $GID in environment
                -e DIR          Set environment variables as specified by files
                                in DIR: file=1st_line_of_file
                -/ DIR          Chroot to DIR
                -n NICE         Add NICE to nice value
                -m BYTES        Same as -d BYTES -s BYTES -l BYTES
                -d BYTES        Limit data segment
                -o N            Limit number of open files per process
                -p N            Limit number of processes per uid
                -f BYTES        Limit output file sizes
                -c BYTES        Limit core file size
                -v              Verbose
                -P              Create new process group
                -0              Close standard input
                -1              Close standard output
                -2              Close standard error

    chroot
        chroot NEWROOT [COMMAND...]

        Run COMMAND with root directory set to NEWROOT

        Example:

                $ ls -l /bin/ls
                lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root          12 Apr 13 00:46 /bin/ls -> /BusyBox
                # mount /dev/hdc1 /mnt -t minix
                # chroot /mnt
                # ls -l /bin/ls
                -rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root        40816 Feb  5 07:45 /bin/ls*

    chrt
        chrt [OPTION]... [prio] [pid | command [arg]...]

        Manipulate real-time attributes of a process

        Options:

                -p      Operate on pid
                -r      Set scheduling policy to SCHED_RR
                -f      Set scheduling policy to SCHED_FIFO
                -o      Set scheduling policy to SCHED_OTHER
                -m      Show min and max priorities

        Example:

                $ chrt -r 4 sleep 900; x=$!
                $ chrt -f -p 3 $x
                You need CAP_SYS_NICE privileges to set scheduling attributes of a process

    chvt
        chvt N

        Change the foreground virtual terminal to /dev/ttyN

    cksum
        cksum FILES...

        Calculate the CRC32 checksums of FILES

    clear
        clear

        Clear screen

    cmp cmp [-l] [-s] FILE1 [FILE2 [SKIP1 [SKIP2]]]

        Compares FILE1 vs stdin if FILE2 is not specified

        Options:

                -l      Write the byte numbers (decimal) and values (octal)
                        for all differing bytes
                -s      Quiet

    comm
        comm [-123] FILE1 FILE2

        Compare FILE1 to FILE2, or to stdin if - is specified

        Options:

                -1      Suppress lines unique to FILE1
                -2      Suppress lines unique to FILE2
                -3      Suppress lines common to both files

    cp  cp [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST

        Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY

        Options:

                -a      Same as -dpR
                -c      Preserve security context
                -d,-P   Preserve links
                -H,-L   Dereference all symlinks (default)
                -p      Preserve file attributes if possible
                -f      Force overwrite
                -i      Prompt before overwrite
                -R,-r   Recurse directories
                -l,-s   Create (sym)links

    cpio
        cpio -[dimotuv][F cpiofile][H newc]

        Extract or list files from a cpio archive, or create a cpio archive
        Main operation mode:

                d       Make leading directories
                i       Extract
                m       Preserve mtime
                o       Create
                H newc  Define format
                t       List
                v       Verbose
                u       Unconditional overwrite
                F       Input from file

    crond
        crond -fbS -l N -d N -L LOGFILE -c DIR

                -f      Foreground
                -b      Background (default)
                -S      Log to syslog (default)
                -l      Set log level. 0 is the most verbose, default 8
                -d      Set log level, log to stderr
                -L      Log to file
                -c      Working dir

    crontab
        crontab [-c DIR] [-u USER] [-ler]|[FILE]

                -c      Crontab directory
                -u      User
                -l      List crontab
                -e      Edit crontab
                -r      Delete crontab
                FILE    Replace crontab by FILE ('-': stdin)

    cryptpw
        cryptpw [-a des|md5] [string]

        Output crypted string. If string isn't supplied on cmdline, read it
        from stdin.

        Options:

                -a      Algorithm to use (default: md5)

    cttyhack
        cttyhack #define cttyhack_full_usage

    cut cut [OPTION]... [FILE]...

        Print selected fields from each input FILE to standard output

        Options:

                -b LIST Output only bytes from LIST
                -c LIST Output only characters from LIST
                -d CHAR Use CHAR instead of tab as the field delimiter
                -s      Output only the lines containing delimiter
                -f N    Print only these fields
                -n      Ignored

        Example:

                $ echo "Hello world" | cut -f 1 -d ' '
                Hello
                $ echo "Hello world" | cut -f 2 -d ' '
                world

    date
        date [OPTION]... [+FMT] [TIME]

        Display time (using +FMT), or set time

        Options:

                -u              Work in UTC (don't convert to local time)
                -R              Output RFC-822 compliant date string
                -I[SPEC]        Output ISO-8601 compliant date string
                                SPEC='date' (default) for date only,
                                'hours', 'minutes', or 'seconds' for date and
                                time to the indicated precision
                -d TIME         Display TIME, not 'now'
                -r FILE         Display last modification time of FILE
                [-s] TIME       Set time to TIME
                -D FMT          Use FMT for str->date conversion

        Recognized formats for TIME:

                hh:mm[:ss]
                [YYYY.]MM.DD-hh:mm[:ss]
                YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm[:ss]
                MMDDhhmm[[YY]YY][.ss]

        Example:

                $ date
                Wed Apr 12 18:52:41 MDT 2000

    dc  dc expression...

        Tiny RPN calculator. Operations: +, add, -, sub, *, mul, /, div, %,
        mod, **, exp, and, or, not, eor, p - print top of the stack (without
        altering the stack), f - print entire stack, o - pop the value and
        set output radix (value must be 10 or 16). Examples: 'dc 2 2 add' ->
        4, 'dc 8 8 * 2 2 + /' -> 16.

        Example:

                $ dc 2 2 + p
                4
                $ dc 8 8 \* 2 2 + / p
                16
                $ dc 0 1 and p
                0
                $ dc 0 1 or p
                1
                $ echo 72 9 div 8 mul p | dc
                64

    dd  dd [if=FILE] [of=FILE] [ibs=N] [obs=N] [bs=N] [count=N] [skip=N]
        [seek=N] [conv=notrunc|noerror|sync|fsync]

        Copy a file with converting and formatting

        Options:

                if=FILE         Read from FILE instead of stdin
                of=FILE         Write to FILE instead of stdout
                bs=N            Read and write N bytes at a time
                ibs=N           Read N bytes at a time
                obs=N           Write N bytes at a time
                count=N         Copy only N input blocks
                skip=N          Skip N input blocks
                seek=N          Skip N output blocks
                conv=notrunc    Don't truncate output file
                conv=noerror    Continue after read errors
                conv=sync       Pad blocks with zeros
                conv=fsync      Physically write data out before finishing

        Numbers may be suffixed by c (x1), w (x2), b (x512), kD (x1000), k
        (x1024), MD (x1000000), M (x1048576), GD (x1000000000) or G
        (x1073741824)

        Example:

                $ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ram1 bs=1M count=4
                4+0 records in
                4+0 records out

    deallocvt
        deallocvt [N]

        Deallocate unused virtual terminal /dev/ttyN

    delgroup
        delgroup [USER] GROUP

        Delete group GROUP from the system or user USER from group GROUP

    deluser
        deluser USER

        Delete USER from the system

    depmod
        depmod #define depmod_full_usage

    devfsd
        devfsd mntpnt [-v][-fg][-np]

        Manage devfs permissions and old device name symlinks

        Options:

                mntpnt  The mount point where devfs is mounted
                -v      Print the protocol version numbers for devfsd
                        and the kernel-side protocol version and exit
                -fg     Run in foreground
                -np     Exit after parsing the configuration file
                        and processing synthetic REGISTER events,
                        do not poll for events

    devmem
        devmem ADDRESS [WIDTH [VALUE]]

        Read/write from physical address

                ADDRESS Address to act upon
                WIDTH   Width (8/16/...)
                VALUE   Data to be written

    df  df [-Pkmhai] [-B SIZE] [FILESYSTEM...]

        Print filesystem usage statistics

        Options:

                -P      POSIX output format
                -k      1024-byte blocks (default)
                -m      1M-byte blocks
                -h      Human readable (e.g. 1K 243M 2G)
                -a      Show all filesystems
                -i      Inodes
                -B SIZE Blocksize

        Example:

                $ df
                Filesystem           1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
                /dev/sda3              8690864   8553540    137324  98% /
                /dev/sda1                64216     36364     27852  57% /boot
                $ df /dev/sda3
                Filesystem           1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
                /dev/sda3              8690864   8553540    137324  98% /
                $ POSIXLY_CORRECT=sure df /dev/sda3
                Filesystem         512B-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
                /dev/sda3             17381728  17107080    274648  98% /
                $ POSIXLY_CORRECT=yep df -P /dev/sda3
                Filesystem          512-blocks      Used Available Capacity Mounted on
                /dev/sda3             17381728  17107080    274648      98% /

    dhcprelay
        dhcprelay [client1,client2,...] [server_device]

        Relay dhcp requests from client devices to server device. Pass
        clients as CSV

    diff
        diff [-abdiNqrTstw] [-L LABEL] [-S FILE] [-U LINES] FILE1 FILE2

        Compare files line by line and output the differences between them.
        This implementation supports unified diffs only.

        Options:

                -a      Treat all files as text
                -b      Ignore changes in the amount of whitespace
                -d      Try hard to find a smaller set of changes
                -i      Ignore case differences
                -L      Use LABEL instead of the filename in the unified header
                -N      Treat absent files as empty
                -q      Output only whether files differ
                -r      Recursively compare subdirectories
                -S      Start with FILE when comparing directories
                -T      Make tabs line up by prefixing a tab when necessary
                -s      Report when two files are the same
                -t      Expand tabs to spaces in output
                -U      Output LINES lines of context
                -w      Ignore all whitespace

    dirname
        dirname FILENAME

        Strip non-directory suffix from FILENAME

        Example:

                $ dirname /tmp/foo
                /tmp
                $ dirname /tmp/foo/
                /tmp

    dmesg
        dmesg [-c] [-n LEVEL] [-s SIZE]

        Print or control the kernel ring buffer

        Options:

                -c              Clear ring buffer after printing
                -n LEVEL        Set console logging level
                -s SIZE         Buffer size

    dnsd
        dnsd [-c config] [-t seconds] [-p port] [-i iface-ip] [-d]

        Small static DNS server daemon

        Options:

                -c      Config filename
                -t      TTL in seconds
                -p      Listening port
                -i      Listening ip (default all)
                -d      Daemonize

    dos2unix
        dos2unix [option] [FILE]

        Convert FILE from dos to unix format. When no file is given, use
        stdin/stdout.

        Options:

                -u      dos2unix
                -d      unix2dos

    dpkg
        dpkg [-ilCPru] [-F option] package_name

        Install, remove and manage Debian packages

        Options:

                -i              Install the package
                -l              List of installed packages
                -C              Configure an unpackaged package
                -F depends      Ignore dependency problems
                -P              Purge all files of a package
                -r              Remove all but the configuration files for a package
                -u              Unpack a package, but don't configure it

    dpkg-deb
        dpkg-deb [-cefxX] FILE [argument]

        Perform actions on Debian packages (.debs)

        Options:

                -c      List contents of filesystem tree
                -e      Extract control files to [argument] directory
                -f      Display control field name starting with [argument]
                -x      Extract packages filesystem tree to directory
                -X      Verbose extract

        Example:

                $ dpkg-deb -X ./busybox_0.48-1_i386.deb /tmp

    du  du [-aHLdclsxhmk] [FILE]...

        Summarize disk space used for each FILE and/or directory. Disk space
        is printed in units of 1024 bytes.

        Options:

                -a      Show file sizes too
                -H      Follow symlinks on command line
                -L      Follow all symlinks
                -d N    Limit output to directories (and files with -a) of depth < N
                -c      Show grand total
                -l      Count sizes many times if hard linked
                -s      Display only a total for each argument
                -x      Skip directories on different filesystems
                -h      Sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 243M 2G )
                -m      Sizes in megabytes
                -k      Sizes in kilobytes (default)

        Example:

                $ du
                16      ./CVS
                12      ./kernel-patches/CVS
                80      ./kernel-patches
                12      ./tests/CVS
                36      ./tests
                12      ./scripts/CVS
                16      ./scripts
                12      ./docs/CVS
                104     ./docs
                2417    .

    dumpkmap
        dumpkmap > keymap

        Print a binary keyboard translation table to standard output

        Example:

                $ dumpkmap > keymap

    dumpleases
        dumpleases [-r|-a] [-f LEASEFILE]

        Display DHCP leases granted by udhcpd

        Options:

                -f,--file=FILE  Leases file to load
                -r,--remaining  Interpret lease times as time remaining
                -a,--absolute   Interpret lease times as expire time

    e2fsck
        e2fsck [-panyrcdfvstDFSV] [-b superblock] [-B blocksize] [-I
        inode_buffer_blocks] [-P process_inode_size] [-l|-L bad_blocks_file]
        [-C fd] [-j external_journal] [-E extended-options] device

        Check ext2/ext3 file system

        Options:

                -p              Automatic repair (no questions)
                -n              Make no changes to the filesystem
                -y              Assume 'yes' to all questions
                -c              Check for bad blocks and add them to the badblock list
                -f              Force checking even if filesystem is marked clean
                -v              Verbose
                -b superblock   Use alternative superblock
                -B blocksize    Force blocksize when looking for superblock
                -j journal      Set location of the external journal
                -l file         Add to badblocks list
                -L file         Set badblocks list

    echo
        echo [-neE] [ARG...]

        Print the specified ARGs to stdout

        Options:

                -n      Suppress trailing newline
                -e      Interpret backslash-escaped characters (i.e., \t=tab)
                -E      Disable interpretation of backslash-escaped characters

        Example:

                $ echo "Erik is cool"
                Erik is cool
                $ echo -e "Erik\nis\ncool"
                Erik
                is
                cool
                $ echo "Erik\nis\ncool"
                Erik\nis\ncool

    ed  ed #define ed_full_usage

    egrep
        egrep #define egrep_full_usage

    eject
        eject [-t] [-T] [DEVICE]

        Eject specified DEVICE (or default /dev/cdrom)

        Options:

                -s      SCSI device
                -t      Close tray
                -T      Open/close tray (toggle)

    env env [-iu] [-] [name=value]... [command]

        Print the current environment or run a program after setting up the
        specified environment

        Options:

                -, -i   Start with an empty environment
                -u      Remove variable from the environment

    envdir
        envdir dir prog args

        Set various environment variables as specified by files in the
        directory dir and run PROG

    envuidgid
        envuidgid account prog args

        Set $UID to account's uid and $GID to account's gid and run PROG

    ether-wake
        ether-wake [-b] [-i iface] [-p aa:bb:cc:dd[:ee:ff]] MAC

        Send a magic packet to wake up sleeping machines. MAC must be a
        station address (00:11:22:33:44:55) or a hostname with a known
        'ethers' entry.

        Options:

                -b              Send wake-up packet to the broadcast address
                -i iface        Interface to use (default eth0)
                -p pass         Append four or six byte password PW to the packet

    expand
        expand [-i] [-t NUM] [FILE|-]

        Convert tabs to spaces, writing to standard output.

        Options:

                -i,--initial    Do not convert tabs after non blanks
                -t,--tabs=N     Tabstops every N chars

    expr
        expr EXPRESSION

        Print the value of EXPRESSION to standard output.

        EXPRESSION may be:

                ARG1 | ARG2     ARG1 if it is neither null nor 0, otherwise ARG2
                ARG1 & ARG2     ARG1 if neither argument is null or 0, otherwise 0
                ARG1 < ARG2     1 if ARG1 is less than ARG2, else 0. Similarly:
                ARG1 <= ARG2
                ARG1 = ARG2
                ARG1 != ARG2
                ARG1 >= ARG2
                ARG1 > ARG2
                ARG1 + ARG2     Sum of ARG1 and ARG2. Similarly:
                ARG1 - ARG2
                ARG1 * ARG2
                ARG1 / ARG2
                ARG1 % ARG2
                STRING : REGEXP         Anchored pattern match of REGEXP in STRING
                match STRING REGEXP     Same as STRING : REGEXP
                substr STRING POS LENGTH Substring of STRING, POS counted from 1
                index STRING CHARS      Index in STRING where any CHARS is found, or 0
                length STRING           Length of STRING
                quote TOKEN             Interpret TOKEN as a string, even if
                                        it is a keyword like 'match' or an
                                        operator like '/'
                (EXPRESSION)            Value of EXPRESSION

        Beware that many operators need to be escaped or quoted for shells.
        Comparisons are arithmetic if both ARGs are numbers, else
        lexicographical. Pattern matches return the string matched between
        \( and \) or null; if \( and \) are not used, they return the number
        of characters matched or 0.

    fakeidentd
        fakeidentd [-fiw] [-b ADDR] [STRING]

        Provide fake ident (auth) service

        Options:

                -f      Run in foreground
                -i      Inetd mode
                -w      Inetd 'wait' mode
                -b ADDR Bind to specified address
                STRING  Ident answer string (default is 'nobody')

    false
        false

        Return an exit code of FALSE (1)

        Example:

                $ false
                $ echo $?
                1

    fbset
        fbset [options] [mode]

        Show and modify frame buffer settings

        Example:

                $ fbset
                mode "1024x768-76"
                        # D: 78.653 MHz, H: 59.949 kHz, V: 75.694 Hz
                        geometry 1024 768 1024 768 16
                        timings 12714 128 32 16 4 128 4
                        accel false
                        rgba 5/11,6/5,5/0,0/0
                endmode

    fbsplash
        fbsplash -s IMGFILE [-c] [-d DEV] [-i INIFILE] [-f CMD]

        Options:

                -s      Image
                -c      Hide cursor
                -d      Framebuffer device (default /dev/fb0)
                -i      Config file (var=value):
                                BAR_LEFT,BAR_TOP,BAR_WIDTH,BAR_HEIGHT
                                BAR_R,BAR_G,BAR_B
                -f      Control pipe (else exit after drawing image)
                                commands: 'NN' (% for progress bar) or 'exit'

    fdflush
        fdflush DEVICE

        Force floppy disk drive to detect disk change

    fdformat
        fdformat [-n] DEVICE

        Format floppy disk

        Options:

                -n      Don't verify after format

    fdisk
        fdisk [-uls] [-C CYLINDERS] [-H HEADS] [-S SECTORS] [-b SSZ] DISK

        Change partition table

        Options:

                -u              Start and End are in sectors (instead of cylinders)
                -l              Show partition table for each DISK, then exit
                -s              Show partition sizes in kb for each DISK, then exit
                -b 2048         (for certain MO disks) use 2048-byte sectors
                -C CYLINDERS    Set number of cylinders/heads/sectors
                -H HEADS

                -S SECTORS

    fgrep
        fgrep #define fgrep_full_usage

    find
        find [PATH...] [EXPRESSION]

        Search for files. The default PATH is the current directory, default
        EXPRESSION is '-print'

        EXPRESSION may consist of:

                -follow         Dereference symlinks
                -xdev           Don't descend directories on other filesystems
                -maxdepth N     Descend at most N levels. -maxdepth 0 applies
                                tests/actions to command line arguments only
                -name PATTERN   File name (w/o directory name) matches PATTERN
                -iname PATTERN  Case insensitive -name
                -path PATTERN   Path matches PATTERN
                -regex PATTERN  Path matches regex PATTERN
                -type X         File type is X (X is one of: f,d,l,b,c,...)
                -perm NNN       Permissions match any of (+NNN), all of (-NNN),
                                or exactly (NNN)
                -mtime DAYS     Modified time is greater than (+N), less than (-N),
                                or exactly (N) days
                -mmin MINS      Modified time is greater than (+N), less than (-N),
                                or exactly (N) minutes
                -newer FILE     Modified time is more recent than FILE's
                -inum N         File has inode number N
                -user NAME      File is owned by user NAME (numeric user ID allowed)
                -group NAME     File belongs to group NAME (numeric group ID allowed)
                -depth          Process directory name after traversing it
                -size N[bck]    File size is N (c:bytes,k:kbytes,b:512 bytes(def.)).
                                +/-N: file size is bigger/smaller than N
                -print          Print (default and assumed)
                -print0         Delimit output with null characters rather than
                                newlines        USE_FEATURE_FIND_CONTEXT ( 
                -context        File has specified security context")    
                -exec CMD ARG ; Execute CMD with all instances of {} replaced by the
                                matching files
                -prune          Stop traversing current subtree
                -delete         Delete files, turns on -depth option
                (EXPR)          Group an expression

        Example:

                $ find / -name passwd
                /etc/passwd

    findfs
        findfs LABEL=label or UUID=uuid

        Find a filesystem device based on a label or UUID.

        Example:

                $ findfs LABEL=MyDevice

    fold
        fold [-bs] [-w WIDTH] [FILE]

        Wrap input lines in each FILE (standard input by default), writing
        to standard output

        Options:

                -b      Count bytes rather than columns
                -s      Break at spaces
                -w      Use WIDTH columns instead of 80

    free
        free

        Display the amount of free and used system memory

        Example:

                $ free
                              total         used         free       shared      buffers
                  Mem:       257628       248724         8904        59644        93124
                 Swap:       128516         8404       120112
                Total:       386144       257128       129016

    freeramdisk
        freeramdisk DEVICE

        Free all memory used by the specified ramdisk

        Example:

                $ freeramdisk /dev/ram2

    fsck
        fsck [-ANPRTV] [-C fd] [-t fstype] [fs-options] [filesys...]

        Check and repair filesystems

        Options:

                -A      Walk /etc/fstab and check all filesystems
                -N      Don't execute, just show what would be done
                -P      With -A, check filesystems in parallel
                -R      With -A, skip the root filesystem
                -T      Don't show title on startup
                -V      Verbose
                -C n    Write status information to specified filedescriptor
                -t type List of filesystem types to check

    fsck.minix
        fsck.minix [-larvsmf] /dev/name

        Check MINIX filesystem

        Options:

                -l      List all filenames
                -r      Perform interactive repairs
                -a      Perform automatic repairs
                -v      Verbose
                -s      Output superblock information
                -m      Show "mode not cleared" warnings
                -f      Force file system check

    ftpget
        ftpget [options] remote-host local-file remote-file

        Retrieve a remote file via FTP

        Options:

                -c,--continue   Continue previous transfer
                -v,--verbose    Verbose
                -u,--username   Username
                -p,--password   Password
                -P,--port       Port number

    ftpput
        ftpput [options] remote-host remote-file local-file

        Store a local file on a remote machine via FTP

        Options:

                -v,--verbose    Verbose
                -u,--username   Username
                -p,--password   Password
                -P,--port       Port number

    fuser
        fuser [options] FILE or PORT/PROTO

        Find processes which use FILEs or PORTs

        Options:

                -m      Find processes which use same fs as FILEs
                -4      Search only IPv4 space
                -6      Search only IPv6 space
                -s      Silent: just exit with 0 if any processes are found
                -k      Kill found processes (otherwise display PIDs)
                -SIGNAL Signal to send (default: TERM)

    getenforce
        getenforce #define getenforce_full_usage

    getopt
        getopt [OPTIONS]...

        Parse command options

                -a,--alternative                Allow long options starting with single -
                -l,--longoptions=longopts       Long options to be recognized
                -n,--name=progname              The name under which errors are reported
                -o,--options=optstring          Short options to be recognized
                -q,--quiet                      Disable error reporting by getopt(3)
                -Q,--quiet-output               No normal output
                -s,--shell=shell                Set shell quoting conventions
                -T,--test                       Test for getopt(1) version
                -u,--unquoted                   Don't quote the output

        Example:

                $ cat getopt.test
                #!/bin/sh
                GETOPT=`getopt -o ab:c:: --long a-long,b-long:,c-long:: \
                       -n 'example.busybox' -- "$@"`
                if [ $? != 0 ]; then  exit 1; fi
                eval set -- "$GETOPT"
                while true; do
                 case $1 in
                   -a|--a-long) echo "Option a"; shift;;
                   -b|--b-long) echo "Option b, argument '$2'"; shift 2;;
                   -c|--c-long)
                     case "$2" in
                       "") echo "Option c, no argument"; shift 2;;
                       *)  echo "Option c, argument '$2'"; shift 2;;
                     esac;;
                   --) shift; break;;
                   *) echo "Internal error!"; exit 1;;
                 esac
                done

    getsebool
        getsebool -a or getsebool boolean...

                -a      Show all SELinux booleans

    getty
        getty [OPTIONS] BAUD_RATE TTY [TERMTYPE]

        Open a tty, prompt for a login name, then invoke /bin/login

        Options:

                -h              Enable hardware (RTS/CTS) flow control
                -i              Do not display /etc/issue before running login
                -L              Local line, do not do carrier detect
                -m              Get baud rate from modem's CONNECT status message
                -w              Wait for a CR or LF before sending /etc/issue
                -n              Do not prompt the user for a login name
                -f issue_file   Display issue_file instead of /etc/issue
                -l login_app    Invoke login_app instead of /bin/login
                -t timeout      Terminate after timeout if no username is read
                -I initstring   Init string to send before anything else
                -H login_host   Log login_host into the utmp file as the hostname

    grep
        grep [-HhrilLnqvsoweFEABC] PATTERN [FILEs...]

        Search for PATTERN in each FILE or standard input

        Options:

                -H      Prefix output lines with filename where match was found
                -h      Suppress the prefixing filename on output
                -r      Recurse subdirectories
                -i      Ignore case distinctions
                -l      List names of files that match
                -L      List names of files that do not match
                -n      Print line number with output lines
                -q      Quiet. Return 0 if PATTERN is found, 1 otherwise
                -v      Select non-matching lines
                -s      Suppress file open/read error messages
                -c      Only print count of matching lines
                -o      Show only the part of a line that matches PATTERN
                -m MAX  Match up to MAX times per file
                -w      Match whole words only
                -F      PATTERN is a set of newline-separated strings
                -E      PATTERN is an extended regular expression
                -e PTRN Pattern to match
                -f FILE Read pattern from file
                -A      Print NUM lines of trailing context
                -B      Print NUM lines of leading context
                -C      Print NUM lines of output context

        Example:

                $ grep root /etc/passwd
                root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
                $ grep ^[rR]oo. /etc/passwd
                root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash

    gunzip
        gunzip [OPTION]... [FILE]...

        Uncompress FILEs (or standard input)

        Options:

                -c      Write to standard output
                -f      Force
                -t      Test file integrity

        Example:

                $ ls -la /tmp/BusyBox*
                -rw-rw-r--    1 andersen andersen   557009 Apr 11 10:55 /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar.gz
                $ gunzip /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar.gz
                $ ls -la /tmp/BusyBox*
                -rw-rw-r--    1 andersen andersen  1761280 Apr 14 17:47 /tmp/BusyBox-0.43.tar

    gzip
        gzip [OPTION]... [FILE]...

        Compress FILEs (or standard input)

        Options:

                -c      Write to standard output
                -d      Decompress
                -f      Force

        Example:

                $ ls -la /tmp/busybox*
                -rw-rw-r--    1 andersen andersen  1761280 Apr 14 17:47 /tmp/busybox.tar
                $ gzip /tmp/busybox.tar
                $ ls -la /tmp/busybox*
                -rw-rw-r--    1 andersen andersen   554058 Apr 14 17:49 /tmp/busybox.tar.gz

    halt
        halt [-d delay] [-n] [-f] [-w]

        Halt the system

        Options:

                -d      Delay interval for halting
                -n      No call to sync()
                -f      Force halt (don't go through init)
                -w      Only write a wtmp record

    hd  hd FILE...

        hd is an alias for hexdump -C

    hdparm
        hdparm [options] [device] ..

        Options:

                -a      Get/set fs readahead
                -A      Set drive read-lookahead flag (0/1)
                -b      Get/set bus state (0 == off, 1 == on, 2 == tristate)
                -B      Set Advanced Power Management setting (1-255)
                -c      Get/set IDE 32-bit IO setting
                -C      Check IDE power mode status
                -d      Get/set using_dma flag
                -D      Enable/disable drive defect-mgmt
                -f      Flush buffer cache for device on exit
                -g      Display drive geometry
                -h      Display terse usage information
                -i      Display drive identification
                -I      Detailed/current information directly from drive
                -k      Get/set keep_settings_over_reset flag (0/1)
                -K      Set drive keep_features_over_reset flag (0/1)
                -L      Set drive doorlock (0/1) (removable harddisks only)
                -m      Get/set multiple sector count
                -n      Get/set ignore-write-errors flag (0/1)
                -p      Set PIO mode on IDE interface chipset (0,1,2,3,4,...)
                -P      Set drive prefetch count/*   "
                -q      Change next setting quietly" - not supported ib bbox */ 
                -Q      Get/set DMA tagged-queuing depth (if supported)
                -r      Get/set readonly flag (DANGEROUS to set)
                -R      Register an IDE interface (DANGEROUS)
                -S      Set standby (spindown) timeout
                -t      Perform device read timings
                -T      Perform cache read timings
                -u      Get/set unmaskirq flag (0/1)
                -U      Un-register an IDE interface (DANGEROUS)
                -v      Defaults; same as -mcudkrag for IDE drives
                -V      Display program version and exit immediately
                -w      Perform device reset (DANGEROUS)
                -W      Set drive write-caching flag (0/1) (DANGEROUS)
                -x      Tristate device for hotswap (0/1) (DANGEROUS)
                -X      Set IDE xfer mode (DANGEROUS)
                -y      Put IDE drive in standby mode
                -Y      Put IDE drive to sleep
                -Z      Disable Seagate auto-powersaving mode
                -z      Re-read partition table

    head
        head [OPTION]... [FILE]...

        Print first 10 lines of each FILE to standard output. With more than
        one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name. With no
        FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

        Options:

                -n NUM  Print first NUM lines instead of first 10
                -c NUM  Output the first NUM bytes
                -q      Never output headers giving file names
                -v      Always output headers giving file names

        Example:

                $ head -n 2 /etc/passwd
                root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
                daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh

    hexdump
        hexdump [-bcCdefnosvxR] FILE...

        Display file(s) or standard input in a user specified format

        Options:

                -b              One-byte octal display
                -c              One-byte character display
                -C              Canonical hex+ASCII, 16 bytes per line
                -d              Two-byte decimal display
                -e FORMAT STRING
                -f FORMAT FILE
                -n LENGTH       Interpret only LENGTH bytes of input
                -o              Two-byte octal display
                -s OFFSET       Skip OFFSET bytes
                -v              Display all input data
                -x              Two-byte hexadecimal display
                -R              Reverse of 'hexdump -Cv'

    hostid
        hostid

        Print out a unique 32-bit identifier for the machine

    hostname
        hostname [OPTION] [hostname | -F FILE]

        Get or set hostname or DNS domain name

        Options:

                -s      Short
                -i      Addresses for the hostname
                -d      DNS domain name
                -f      Fully qualified domain name
                -F FILE Use the contents of FILE to specify the hostname

        Example:

                $ hostname
                sage

    httpd
        httpd [-c conffile] [-p [ip:]port] [-i] [-f] [-v[v]] [-u user[:grp]]
        [-r realm] [-m pass] [-h home] [-d/-e string]

        Listen for incoming HTTP requests

        Options:

                -c FILE         Configuration file (default httpd.conf)
                -p [IP:]PORT    Bind to ip:port (default *:80)
                -i              Inetd mode
                -f              Do not daemonize
                -v[v]           Verbose
                -u USER[:GRP]   Set uid/gid after binding to port
                -r REALM        Authentication Realm for Basic Authentication
                -m PASS         Crypt PASS with md5 algorithm
                -h HOME         Home directory (default .)
                -e STRING       HTML encode STRING
                -d STRING       URL decode STRING

    hush
        hush #define hush_full_usage

    hwclock
        hwclock [-r|--show] [-s|--hctosys] [-w|--systohc] [-l|--localtime]
        [-u|--utc] [-f FILE]

        Query and set hardware clock (RTC)

        Options:

                -r      Show hardware clock time
                -s      Set system time from hardware clock
                -w      Set hardware clock to system time
                -u      Hardware clock is in UTC
                -l      Hardware clock is in local time
                -f FILE Use specified device (e.g. /dev/rtc2)

    id  id [OPTIONS]... [USER]

        Print information about USER or the current user

        Options:

                -Z      Print the security context
                -u      Print user ID
                -g      Print group ID
                -G      Print supplementary group IDs
                -n      Print name instead of a number
                -r      Print real user ID instead of effective ID

        Example:

                $ id
                uid=1000(andersen) gid=1000(andersen)

    ifconfig
        ifconfig [-a] interface [address]

        Configure a network interface

        Options:

                [add ADDRESS[/PREFIXLEN]]
                [del ADDRESS[/PREFIXLEN]]
                [[-]broadcast [ADDRESS]] [[-]pointopoint [ADDRESS]]
                [netmask ADDRESS] [dstaddr ADDRESS]
                [outfill NN] [keepalive NN]
                [hw ether|infiniband ADDRESS] [metric NN] [mtu NN]
                [[-]trailers] [[-]arp] [[-]allmulti]
                [multicast] [[-]promisc] [txqueuelen NN] [[-]dynamic]
                [mem_start NN] [io_addr NN] [irq NN]
                [up|down] ...

    ifdown
        ifdown [-ainmvf] ifaces...

        Options:

                -a      De/configure all interfaces automatically
                -i FILE Use FILE for interface definitions
                -n      Print out what would happen, but don't do it
                        (note: doesn't disable mappings)
                -m      Don't run any mappings
                -v      Print out what would happen before doing it
                -f      Force de/configuration

    ifenslave
        ifenslave [-cdf] master-iface <slave-iface...>

        Configure network interfaces for parallel routing

        Options:

                -c, --change-active     Change active slave
                -d, --detach            Remove slave interface from bonding device
                -f, --force             Force, even if interface is not Ethernet/*   "
                -r, --receive-slave     Create a receive-only slave" */

        Example:

                To create a bond device, simply follow these three steps :
                - ensure that the required drivers are properly loaded :
                  # modprobe bonding ; modprobe <3c59x|eepro100|pcnet32|tulip|...>
                - assign an IP address to the bond device :
                  # ifconfig bond0 <addr> netmask <mask> broadcast <bcast>
                - attach all the interfaces you need to the bond device :
                  # ifenslave bond0 eth0 eth1 eth2
                  If bond0 didn't have a MAC address, it will take eth0's. Then, all
                  interfaces attached AFTER this assignment will get the same MAC addr.
        
                  To detach a dead interface without setting the bond device down :
                   # ifenslave -d bond0 eth1
        
                  To set the bond device down and automatically release all the slaves :
                   # ifconfig bond0 down
        
                  To change active slave :
                   # ifenslave -c bond0 eth0

    ifup
        ifup [-ainmvf] ifaces...

        Options:

                -a      De/configure all interfaces automatically
                -i FILE Use FILE for interface definitions
                -n      Print out what would happen, but don't do it
                        (note: doesn't disable mappings)
                -m      Don't run any mappings
                -v      Print out what would happen before doing it
                -f      Force de/configuration

    inetd
        inetd [-fe] [-q N] [-R N] [CONFFILE]

        Listen for network connections and launch programs

        Options:

                -f      Run in foreground
                -e      Log to stderr
                -q N    Socket listen queue (default: 128)
                -R N    Pause services after N connects/min
                        (default: 0 - disabled)

    init
        init

        Init is the parent of all processes

        This version of init is designed to be run only by the kernel.

        BusyBox init doesn't support multiple runlevels. The runlevels field
        of the /etc/inittab file is completely ignored by BusyBox init. If
        you want runlevels, use sysvinit.

        BusyBox init works just fine without an inittab. If no inittab is
        found, it has the following default behavior:

                ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS
                ::askfirst:/bin/sh
                ::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/reboot
                ::shutdown:/sbin/swapoff -a
                ::shutdown:/bin/umount -a -r
                ::restart:/sbin/init

        if it detects that /dev/console is _not_ a serial console, it will
        also run:

                tty2::askfirst:/bin/sh
                tty3::askfirst:/bin/sh
                tty4::askfirst:/bin/sh

        If you choose to use an /etc/inittab file, the inittab entry format
        is as follows:

                <id>:<runlevels>:<action>:<process>

                <id>:

                        WARNING: This field has a non-traditional meaning for BusyBox init!
                        The id field is used by BusyBox init to specify the controlling tty for
                        the specified process to run on. The contents of this field are
                        appended to "/dev/" and used as-is. There is no need for this field to
                        be unique, although if it isn't you may have strange results. If this
                        field is left blank, the controlling tty is set to the console. Also
                        note that if BusyBox detects that a serial console is in use, then only
                        entries whose controlling tty is either the serial console or /dev/null
                        will be run. BusyBox init does nothing with utmp. We don't need no
                        stinkin' utmp.

                <runlevels>:

                        The runlevels field is completely ignored.

                <action>:

                        Valid actions include: sysinit, respawn, askfirst, wait,
                        once, restart, ctrlaltdel, and shutdown.

                        The available actions can be classified into two groups: actions
                        that are run only once, and actions that are re-run when the specified
                        process exits.

                        Run only-once actions:

                                'sysinit' is the first item run on boot. init waits until all
                                sysinit actions are completed before continuing. Following the
                                completion of all sysinit actions, all 'wait' actions are run.
                                'wait' actions, like 'sysinit' actions, cause init to wait until
                                the specified task completes. 'once' actions are asynchronous,
                                therefore, init does not wait for them to complete. 'restart' is
                                the action taken to restart the init process. By default this should
                                simply run /sbin/init, but can be a script which runs pivot_root or it
                                can do all sorts of other interesting things. The 'ctrlaltdel' init
                                actions are run when the system detects that someone on the system
                                console has pressed the CTRL-ALT-DEL key combination. Typically one
                                wants to run 'reboot' at this point to cause the system to reboot.
                                Finally the 'shutdown' action specifies the actions to taken when
                                init is told to reboot. Unmounting filesystems and disabling swap
                                is a very good here.

                        Run repeatedly actions:

                                'respawn' actions are run after the 'once' actions. When a process
                                started with a 'respawn' action exits, init automatically restarts
                                it. Unlike sysvinit, BusyBox init does not stop processes from
                                respawning out of control. The 'askfirst' actions acts just like
                                respawn, except that before running the specified process it
                                displays the line "Please press Enter to activate this console."
                                and then waits for the user to press enter before starting the
                                specified process.

                        Unrecognized actions (like initdefault) will cause init to emit an
                        error message, and then go along with its business. All actions are
                        run in the order they appear in /etc/inittab.

                <process>:

                        Specifies the process to be executed and its command line.

        Example /etc/inittab file:

                # This is run first except when booting in single-user mode
                #
                ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS
        
                # /bin/sh invocations on selected ttys
                #
                # Start an "askfirst" shell on the console (whatever that may be)
                ::askfirst:-/bin/sh
                # Start an "askfirst" shell on /dev/tty2-4
                tty2::askfirst:-/bin/sh
                tty3::askfirst:-/bin/sh
                tty4::askfirst:-/bin/sh
        
                # /sbin/getty invocations for selected ttys
                #
                tty4::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty4
                tty5::respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty5
        
        
                # Example of how to put a getty on a serial line (for a terminal)
                #
                #::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS0 9600 vt100
                #::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS1 9600 vt100
                #
                # Example how to put a getty on a modem line
                #::respawn:/sbin/getty 57600 ttyS2
        
                # Stuff to do when restarting the init process
                ::restart:/sbin/init
        
                # Stuff to do before rebooting
                ::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/reboot
                ::shutdown:/bin/umount -a -r
                ::shutdown:/sbin/swapoff -a

    inotifyd
        inotifyd /user/space/agent dir/or/file/being/watched[:mask] ...

        Spawn userspace agent on filesystem changes. When a filesystem event
        matching the mask occurs on specified file/directory an userspace
        agent is spawned with the parameters: 1. actual event(s) 2.
        file/directory name 3. name of subfile (if any), in case of watching
        a directory

                a       File is accessed
                c       File is modified
                e       Metadata changed
                w       Writtable file is closed
                0       Unwrittable file is closed
                r       File is opened
                m       File is moved from X
                y       File is moved to Y
                n       Subfile is created
                d       Subfile is deleted
                D       Self is deleted
                M       Self is moved

    insmod
        insmod [OPTION]... MODULE [symbol=value]...

        Load the specified kernel modules into the kernel

        Options:

                -f      Force module to load into the wrong kernel version
                -k      Make module autoclean-able
                -v      Verbose
                -q      Quiet
                -L      Lock to prevent simultaneous loads of a module
                -m      Output load map to stdout
                -o NAME Set internal module name to NAME
                -x      Do not export externs

    install
        install [-cdDsp] [-o USER] [-g GRP] [-m MODE] [source]
        dest|directory

        Copy files and set attributes

        Options:

                -c      Just copy (default)
                -d      Create directories
                -D      Create leading target directories
                -s      Strip symbol table
                -p      Preserve date
                -o USER Set ownership
                -g GRP  Set group ownership
                -m MODE Set permissions
                -Z      Set security context

    ip  ip [OPTIONS] {address | route | link | tunnel | rule} {COMMAND}

        ip [OPTIONS] OBJECT {COMMAND} where OBJECT := {address | route |
        link | tunnel | rule} OPTIONS := { -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | link }
        | -o[neline] }

    ipaddr
        ipaddr { {add|del} IFADDR dev STRING | {show|flush} [dev STRING] [to
        PREFIX] }

        ipaddr {add|delete} IFADDR dev STRING ipaddr {show|flush} [dev
        STRING] [scope SCOPE-ID]

                [to PREFIX] [label PATTERN]
                IFADDR := PREFIX | ADDR peer PREFIX
                [broadcast ADDR] [anycast ADDR]
                [label STRING] [scope SCOPE-ID]
                SCOPE-ID := [host | link | global | NUMBER]

    ipcalc
        ipcalc [OPTION]... ADDRESS[[/]NETMASK] [NETMASK]

        Calculate IP network settings from a IP address

        Options:

                -b,--broadcast  Display calculated broadcast address
                -n,--network    Display calculated network address
                -m,--netmask    Display default netmask for IP
                -p,--prefix     Display the prefix for IP/NETMASK
                -h,--hostname   Display first resolved host name
                -s,--silent     Don't ever display error messages               )

    ipcrm
        ipcrm [-MQS key] [-mqs id]

        Upper-case options MQS remove an object by shmkey value. Lower-case
        options remove an object by shmid value.

        Options:

                -mM     Remove memory segment after last detach
                -qQ     Remove message queue
                -sS     Remove semaphore

    ipcs
        ipcs [[-smq] -i shmid] | [[-asmq] [-tcplu]]

                -i      Show specific resource
        Resource specification:

                -m      Shared memory segments
                -q      Message queues
                -s      Semaphore arrays
                -a      All (default)
        Output format:

                -t      Time
                -c      Creator
                -p      Pid
                -l      Limits
                -u      Summary

    iplink
        iplink

        iplink set DEVICE { up | down | arp | multicast { on | off } |

                                dynamic { on | off } |
                                mtu MTU }
        iplink show [DEVICE]

    iproute
        iproute { list | flush | { add | del | change | append | replace |
        monitor } ROUTE }

        iproute { list | flush } SELECTOR iproute get ADDRESS [from ADDRESS
        iif STRING]

                                [oif STRING]  [tos TOS]
        iproute { add | del | change | append | replace | monitor } ROUTE

                                SELECTOR := [root PREFIX] [match PREFIX] [proto RTPROTO]
                                ROUTE := [TYPE] PREFIX [tos TOS] [proto RTPROTO]
                                        [metric METRIC]

    iprule
        iprule {[list | add | del] RULE}

        iprule [list | add | del] SELECTOR ACTION

                SELECTOR := [from PREFIX] [to PREFIX] [tos TOS] [fwmark FWMARK]
                                [dev STRING] [pref NUMBER]
                ACTION := [table TABLE_ID] [nat ADDRESS]
                                [prohibit | reject | unreachable]
                                [realms [SRCREALM/]DSTREALM]
                TABLE_ID := [local | main | default | NUMBER]

    iptunnel
        iptunnel { add | change | del | show } [NAME] [mode { ipip | gre |
        sit }] [remote ADDR] [local ADDR] [ttl TTL]

        iptunnel { add | change | del | show } [NAME]

                [mode { ipip | gre | sit }] [remote ADDR] [local ADDR]
                [[i|o]seq] [[i|o]key KEY] [[i|o]csum]
                [ttl TTL] [tos TOS] [[no]pmtudisc] [dev PHYS_DEV]

    kbd_mode
        kbd_mode [-a|k|s|u] [-C TTY]

        Report or set the keyboard mode

        Options set mode:

                -a      Default (ASCII)
                -k      Medium-raw (keyboard)
                -s      Raw (scancode)
                -u      Unicode (utf-8)
                -C TTY  Affect TTY instead of /dev/tty

    kill
        kill [-l] [-SIG] PID...

        Send a signal (default is TERM) to given PIDs

        Options:

                -l      List all signal names and numbers/*   "
                -s SIG  Yet another way of specifying SIG" */

        Example:

                $ ps | grep apache
                252 root     root     S [apache]
                263 www-data www-data S [apache]
                264 www-data www-data S [apache]
                265 www-data www-data S [apache]
                266 www-data www-data S [apache]
                267 www-data www-data S [apache]
                $ kill 252

    killall
        killall [-l] [-q] [-SIG] process-name...

        Send a signal (default is TERM) to given processes

        Options:

                -l      List all signal names and numbers/*   "
                -s SIG  Yet another way of specifying SIG" */ 
                -q      Do not complain if no processes were killed

        Example:

                $ killall apache

    killall5
        killall5 [-l] [-SIG]

        Send a signal (default is TERM) to all processes outside current
        session

        Options:

                -l      List all signal names and numbers/*   "
                -s SIG  Yet another way of specifying SIG" */

    klogd
        klogd [-c N] [-n]

        Kernel logger

        Options:

                -c N    Only messages with level < N are printed to console
                -n      Run in foreground

    lash
        lash [FILE]... or: sh -c command [args]...

        lash is deprecated, please use hush

    last
        last [-HW] [-f file]

        Show listing of the last users that logged into the system

        Options:/* "

                -H      Show header line" */ 
                -W      Display with no host column truncation
                -f file Read from file instead of /var/log/wtmp

    length
        length STRING

        Print STRING's length

        Example:

                $ length Hello
                5

    less
        less [-EMNmh~I?] [FILE...]

        View a file or list of files. The position within files can be
        changed, and files can be manipulated in various ways.

        Options:

                -E      Quit once the end of a file is reached
                -M,-m   Display a status line containing the line numbers
                        and percentage through the file
                -N      Prefix line numbers to each line
                -I      Ignore case in all searches
                -~      Suppress ~s displayed past the end of the file

    linux32
        linux32 #define linux32_full_usage

    linux64
        linux64 #define linux64_full_usage

    linuxrc
        linuxrc #define linuxrc_full_usage

    ln  ln [OPTION] TARGET... LINK_NAME|DIRECTORY

        Create a link named LINK_NAME or DIRECTORY to the specified TARGET.
        Use '--' to indicate that all following arguments are non-options.

        Options:

                -s      Make symlinks instead of hardlinks
                -f      Remove existing destination files
                -n      Don't dereference symlinks - treat like normal file
                -b      Make a backup of the target (if exists) before link operation
                -S suf  Use suffix instead of ~ when making backup files

        Example:

                $ ln -s BusyBox /tmp/ls
                $ ls -l /tmp/ls
                lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root            7 Apr 12 18:39 ls -> BusyBox*

    load_policy
        load_policy #define load_policy_full_usage

    loadfont
        loadfont < font

        Load a console font from standard input/* "

                -C TTY  Affect TTY instead of /dev/tty" */

        Example:

                $ loadfont < /etc/i18n/fontname

    loadkmap
        loadkmap < keymap

        Load a binary keyboard translation table from standard input /* "

                -C TTY  Affect TTY instead of /dev/tty" */

        Example:

                $ loadkmap < /etc/i18n/lang-keymap

    logger
        logger [OPTION]... [MESSAGE]

        Write MESSAGE to the system log. If MESSAGE is omitted, log stdin.

        Options:

                -s      Log to stderr as well as the system log
                -t TAG  Log using the specified tag (defaults to user name)
                -p PRIO Priority (numeric or facility.level pair)

        Example:

                $ logger "hello"

    login
        login [-p] [-h HOST] [[-f] USER]

        Begin a new session on the system

        Options:

                -f      Do not authenticate (user already authenticated)
                -h      Name of the remote host
                -p      Preserve environment

    logname
        logname

        Print the name of the current user

        Example:

                $ logname
                root

    logread
        logread [OPTION]...

        Show messages in syslogd's circular buffer

        Options:

                -f      Output data as log grows

    losetup
        losetup [-o OFS] LOOPDEV FILE - associate loop devices losetup -d
        LOOPDEV - disassociate losetup [-f] - show

        Options:

                -o OFS  Start OFS bytes into FILE
                -f      Show first free loop device

        No arguments will display all current associations. One argument
        (losetup /dev/loop1) will display the current association (if any),
        or disassociate it (with -d). The display shows the offset and
        filename of the file the loop device is currently bound to.

        Two arguments (losetup /dev/loop1 file.img) create a new
        association, with an optional offset (-o 12345). Encryption is not
        yet supported. losetup -f will show the first loop free loop device

    lpd lpd SPOOLDIR [HELPER [ARGS...]]

        SPOOLDIR must contain (symlinks to) device nodes or directories with
        names matching print queue names. In the first case, jobs are sent
        directly to the device. Otherwise each job is stored in queue
        directory and HELPER program is called. Name of file to print is
        passed in $DATAFILE variable. Example:

                tcpsvd -E 0 515 softlimit -m 999999 lpd /var/spool ./print

    lpq lpq [-P queue[@host[:port]]] [-U USERNAME] [-d JOBID...] [-fs]

        Options:

                -P      lp service to connect to (else uses $PRINTER)
                -d      Delete jobs
                -f      Force any waiting job to be printed
                -s      Short display

    lpr lpr -P queue[@host[:port]] -U USERNAME -J TITLE -Vmh [FILE...]

        Options:

                -P      lp service to connect to (else uses $PRINTER)
                -m      Send mail on completion
                -h      Print banner page too
                -V      Verbose

    ls  ls [-1AacCdeFilnpLRrSsTtuvwxXhkK] [filenames...]

        List directory contents

        Options:

                -1      List in a single column
                -A      Don't list . and ..
                -a      Don't hide entries starting with .
                -C      List by columns
                -c      With -l: sort by ctime
                --color[={always,never,auto}]   Control coloring
                -d      List directory entries instead of contents
                -e      List full date and time
                -F      Append indicator (one of */=@|) to entries
                -i      List inode numbers
                -l      Long listing format
                -n      List numeric UIDs and GIDs instead of names
                -p      Append indicator (one of /=@|) to entries
                -L      List entries pointed to by symlinks
                -R      List subdirectories recursively
                -r      Sort in reverse order
                -S      Sort by file size
                -s      List the size of each file, in blocks
                -T NUM  Assume tabstop every NUM columns
                -t      With -l: sort by modification time
                -u      With -l: sort by access time
                -v      Sort by version
                -w NUM  Assume the terminal is NUM columns wide
                -x      List by lines
                -X      Sort by extension
                -h      List sizes in human readable format (1K 243M 2G)
                -k      List security context
                -K      List security context in long format
                -Z      List security context and permission

    lsattr
        lsattr [-Radlv] [files...]

        List file attributes on an ext2 fs

        Options:

                -R      Recursively list subdirectories
                -a      Do not hide entries starting with .
                -d      List directory entries instead of contents
                -l      List long flag names
                -v      List the file's version/generation number

    lsmod
        lsmod

        List the currently loaded kernel modules

    lzmacat
        lzmacat FILE

        Uncompress to stdout

    makedevs
        makedevs [-d device_table] rootdir

        Create a range of special files as specified in a device table.
        Device table entries take the form of: <type> <mode> <uid> <gid>
        <major> <minor> <start> <inc> <count> Where name is the file name,
        type can be one of:

                f       Regular file
                d       Directory
                c       Character device
                b       Block device
                p       Fifo (named pipe)
        uid is the user id for the target file, gid is the group id for the
        target file. The rest of the entries (major, minor, etc) apply to
        to device special files. A '-' may be used for blank entries.

        Example:

                For example:
                <name>    <type> <mode><uid><gid><major><minor><start><inc><count>
                /dev         d   755    0    0    -      -      -      -    -
                /dev/console c   666    0    0    5      1      -      -    -
                /dev/null    c   666    0    0    1      3      0      0    -
                /dev/zero    c   666    0    0    1      5      0      0    -
                /dev/hda     b   640    0    0    3      0      0      0    -
                /dev/hda     b   640    0    0    3      1      1      1    15
        
                Will Produce:
                /dev
                /dev/console
                /dev/null
                /dev/zero
                /dev/hda
                /dev/hda[0-15]

    makemime
        makemime [OPTION]... [FILE]...

        Create MIME-encoded message

        Options:

                -C      Charset
                -e      Tranfer encoding. Ignored. base64 is assumed

        Other options are silently ignored.

    man man [OPTION]... [MANPAGE]...

        Format and display manual page

        Options:

                -a      Display all pages
                -w      Show page locations

    matchpathcon
        matchpathcon [-n] [-N] [-f file_contexts_file] [-p prefix] [-V]

                -n      Do not display path
                -N      Do not use translations
                -f      Use alternate file_context file
                -p      Use prefix to speed translations
                -V      Verify file context on disk matches defaults

    md5sum
        md5sum [OPTION] [FILEs...] or: md5sum [OPTION] -c [FILE]

        Print or check MD5 checksums

        Options:

                -c      Check MD5 sums against given list
                -s      Don't output anything, status code shows success
                -w      Warn about improperly formatted MD5 checksum lines

        Example:

                $ md5sum < busybox
                6fd11e98b98a58f64ff3398d7b324003
                $ md5sum busybox
                6fd11e98b98a58f64ff3398d7b324003  busybox
                $ md5sum -c -
                6fd11e98b98a58f64ff3398d7b324003  busybox
                busybox: OK
                ^D

    mdev
        mdev [-s]

                -s      Scan /sys and populate /dev during system boot

        Called with no options (via hotplug) it uses environment variables
        to determine which device to add/remove.

                 The mdev config file contains lines that look like:
          hd[a-z][0-9]* 0:3 660

        That's device name (with regex match), uid:gid, and permissions.

        Optionally, that can be followed (on the same line) by a special
        character and a command line to run after creating/before deleting
        the corresponding device(s). The environment variable $MDEV
        indicates the active device node (which is useful if it's a regex
        match). For example:

          hdc root:cdrom 660  *ln -s $MDEV cdrom

        The special characters are @ (run after creating), $ (run before
        deleting), and * (run both after creating and before deleting). The
        commands run in the /dev directory, and use system() which calls
        /bin/sh.

        Config file parsing stops on the first matching line. If no config
        entry is matched, devices are created with default 0:0 660. (Make
        the last line match .* to override this.)

    mesg
        mesg [y|n]

        Control write access to your terminal

                y       Allow write access to your terminal
                n       Disallow write access to your terminal

    microcom
        microcom [-d DELAY] [-t TIMEOUT] [-s SPEED] [-X] TTY

        Copy bytes for stdin to TTY and from TTY to stdout

        Options:

                -d      Wait up to DELAY ms for TTY output before sending every
                        next byte to it
                -t      Exit if both stdin and TTY are silent for TIMEOUT ms
                -s      Set serial line to SPEED
                -X      Disable special meaning of NUL and Ctrl-X from stdin

    mkdir
        mkdir [OPTION] DIRECTORY...

        Create DIRECTORY

        Options:

                -m      Set permission mode (as in chmod), not rwxrwxrwx - umask
                -p      No error if existing, make parent directories as needed
                -Z      Set security context

        Example:

                $ mkdir /tmp/foo
                $ mkdir /tmp/foo
                /tmp/foo: File exists
                $ mkdir /tmp/foo/bar/baz
                /tmp/foo/bar/baz: No such file or directory
                $ mkdir -p /tmp/foo/bar/baz

    mke2fs
        mke2fs [-c|-l filename] [-b block-size] [-f fragment-size] [-g
        blocks-per-group] [-i bytes-per-inode] [-j] [-J journal-options] [-N
        number-of-inodes] [-n] [-m reserved-blocks-percentage] [-o
        creator-os] [-O feature[,...]] [-q] [r fs-revision-level] [-E
        extended-options] [-v] [-F] [-L volume-label] [-M
        last-mounted-directory] [-S] [-T filesystem-type] device
        [blocks-count]

                -b size         Block size in bytes
                -c              Check for bad blocks before creating
                -E opts         Set extended options
                -f size         Fragment size in bytes
                -F              Force (ignore sanity checks)
                -g num          Number of blocks in a block group
                -i ratio        The bytes/inode ratio
                -j              Create a journal (ext3)
                -J opts         Set journal options (size/device)
                -l file         Read bad blocks list from file
                -L lbl          Set the volume label
                -m percent      Percent of fs blocks to reserve for admin
                -M dir          Set last mounted directory
                -n              Do not actually create anything
                -N num          Number of inodes to create
                -o os           Set the 'creator os' field
                -O features     Dir_index/filetype/has_journal/journal_dev/sparse_super
                -q              Quiet
                -r rev          Set filesystem revision
                -S              Write superblock and group descriptors only
                -T fs-type      Set usage type (news/largefile/largefile4)
                -v              Verbose

    mkfifo
        mkfifo [OPTIONS] name

        Create named pipe (identical to 'mknod name p')

        Options:

                -m MODE Mode (default a=rw)
                -Z      Set security context

    mkfs.minix
        mkfs.minix [-c | -l filename] [-nXX] [-iXX] /dev/name [blocks]

        Make a MINIX filesystem

        Options:

                -c              Check device for bad blocks
                -n [14|30]      Maximum length of filenames
                -i INODES       Number of inodes for the filesystem
                -l FILENAME     Read bad blocks list from FILENAME
                -v              Make version 2 filesystem

    mknod
        mknod [OPTIONS] NAME TYPE MAJOR MINOR

        Create a special file (block, character, or pipe)

        Options:

                -m      Create the special file using the specified mode (default a=rw)
        TYPEs include:

                b:      Make a block device
                c or u: Make a character device
                p:      Make a named pipe (MAJOR and MINOR are ignored)
                -Z      Set security context

        Example:

                $ mknod /dev/fd0 b 2 0
                $ mknod -m 644 /tmp/pipe p

    mkswap
        mkswap DEVICE

        Prepare block device to be used as swap partition

    mktemp
        mktemp [-dt] [-p DIR] [TEMPLATE]

        Create a temporary file with name based on TEMPLATE and print its
        name. TEMPLATE must end with XXXXXX (e.g. [/dir/]nameXXXXXX).

        Options:

                -d      Make a directory instead of a file/*   "
                -q      Fail silently if an error occurs" - we ignore it */ 
                -t      Generate a path rooted in temporary directory
                -p DIR  Use DIR as a temporary directory (implies -t)

        For -t or -p, directory is chosen as follows: $TMPDIR if set, else
        -p DIR, else /tmp

        Example:

                $ mktemp /tmp/temp.XXXXXX
                /tmp/temp.mWiLjM
                $ ls -la /tmp/temp.mWiLjM
                -rw-------    1 andersen andersen        0 Apr 25 17:10 /tmp/temp.mWiLjM

    modprobe
        modprobe [-knqrsv] MODULE [symbol=value...]

        Options:

                -k      Make module autoclean-able
                -n      Dry run
                -q      Quiet
                -r      Remove module (stacks) or do autoclean
                -s      Report via syslog instead of stderr
                -v      Verbose
                -b      Apply blacklist to module names too

        modprobe can (un)load a stack of modules, passing each module
        options (when loading). modprobe uses a configuration file to
        determine what option(s) to pass each module it loads.

        The configuration file is searched (in order) amongst:

            /etc/modprobe.conf (2.6 only)
            /etc/modules.conf
            /etc/conf.modules (deprecated)

        They all have the same syntax (see below). If none is present, it is
        _not_ an error; each loaded module is then expected to load without
        options. Once a file is found, the others are tested for.

        /etc/modules.conf entry format:

          alias <alias_name> <mod_name>
            Makes it possible to modprobe alias_name, when there is no such module.
            It makes sense if your mod_name is long, or you want a more representative
            name for that module (eg. 'scsi' in place of 'aha7xxx').
            This makes it also possible to use a different set of options (below) for
            the module and the alias.
            A module can be aliased more than once.

          options <mod_name|alias_name> <symbol=value...>
            When loading module mod_name (or the module aliased by alias_name), pass
            the "symbol=value" pairs as option to that module.

        Sample /etc/modules.conf file:

          options tulip irq=3
          alias tulip tulip2
          options tulip2 irq=4 io=0x308

        Other functionality offered by 'classic' modprobe is not available
        in this implementation.

        If module options are present both in the config file, and on the
        command line, then the options from the command line will be passed
        to the module _after_ the options from the config file. That way,
        you can have defaults in the config file, and override them for a
        specific usage from the command line.

        Example:

                (with the above /etc/modules.conf):
        
                $ modprobe tulip
                   will load the module 'tulip' with default option 'irq=3'
        
                $ modprobe tulip irq=5
                   will load the module 'tulip' with option 'irq=5', thus overriding the default
        
                $ modprobe tulip2
                   will load the module 'tulip' with default options 'irq=4 io=0x308',
                   which are the default for alias 'tulip2'
        
                $ modprobe tulip2 irq=8
                   will load the module 'tulip' with default options 'irq=4 io=0x308 irq=8',
                   which are the default for alias 'tulip2' overridden by the option 'irq=8'
        
                   from the command line
        
                $ modprobe tulip2 irq=2 io=0x210
                   will load the module 'tulip' with default options 'irq=4 io=0x308 irq=4 io=0x210',
                   which are the default for alias 'tulip2' overridden by the options 'irq=2 io=0x210'
        
                   from the command line

    more
        more [FILE...]

        View FILE or standard input one screenful at a time

        Example:

                $ dmesg | more

    mount
        mount [flags] DEVICE NODE [-o options,more-options]

        Mount a filesystem. Filesystem autodetection requires /proc be
        mounted.

        Options:

                -a              Mount all filesystems in fstab
                -f              Update /etc/mtab, but don't mount
                -n              Don't update /etc/mtab
                -r              Read-only mount
                -t fs-type      Filesystem type
                -w              Read-write mount (default)
        B<-o> option:

                loop            Ignored (loop devices are autodetected)
                [a]sync         Writes are asynchronous / synchronous
                [no]atime       Disable / enable updates to inode access times
                [no]diratime    Disable / enable atime updates to directories
                [no]relatime    Disable / enable atime updates relative to modification time
                [no]dev         Allow use of special device files / disallow them
                [no]exec        Allow use of executable files / disallow them
                [no]suid        Allow set-user-id-root programs / disallow them
                [r]shared       Convert [recursively] to a shared subtree
                [r]slave        Convert [recursively] to a slave subtree
                [r]private      Convert [recursively] to a private subtree
                [un]bindable    Make mount point [un]able to be bind mounted
                bind            Bind a directory to an additional location
                move            Relocate an existing mount point
                remount         Remount a mounted filesystem, changing its flags
                ro/rw           Mount for read-only / read-write

        There are EVEN MORE flags that are specific to each filesystem
        You'll have to see the written documentation for those filesystems

        Returns 0 for success, number of failed mounts for -a, or errno for
        one mount.

        Example:

                $ mount
                /dev/hda3 on / type minix (rw)
                proc on /proc type proc (rw)
                devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw)
                $ mount /dev/fd0 /mnt -t msdos -o ro
                $ mount /tmp/diskimage /opt -t ext2 -o loop
                $ mount cd_image.iso mydir

    mountpoint
        mountpoint [-q] <[-d] DIR | -x DEVICE>

        mountpoint checks if the directory is a mountpoint

        Options:

                -q      Quiet
                -d      Print major/minor device number of the filesystem
                -x      Print major/minor device number of the blockdevice

        Example:

                $ mountpoint /proc
                /proc is not a mountpoint
                $ mountpoint /sys
                /sys is a mountpoint

    msh msh #define msh_full_usage

    mt  mt [-f device] opcode value

        Control magnetic tape drive operation

        Available Opcodes:

        bsf bsfm bsr bss datacompression drvbuffer eof eom erase fsf fsfm
        fsr fss load lock mkpart nop offline ras1 ras2 ras3 reset retension
        rewind rewoffline seek setblk setdensity setpart tell unload unlock
        weof wset

    mv  mv [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST or: mv [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY

        Rename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY

        Options:

                -f      Don't prompt before overwriting
                -i      Interactive, prompt before overwrite

        Example:

                $ mv /tmp/foo /bin/bar

    nameif
        nameif [-s] [-c FILE] [{IFNAME MACADDR}]

        Rename network interface while it in the down state

        Options:

                -c FILE         Use configuration file (default is /etc/mactab)
                -s              Use syslog (LOCAL0 facility)
                IFNAME MACADDR  new_interface_name interface_mac_address

        Example:

                $ nameif -s dmz0 00:A0:C9:8C:F6:3F
                 or
                $ nameif -c /etc/my_mactab_file

    nc  nc [-options] hostname port - connect nc [-options] -l -p port
        [hostname] [port] - listen

        Options:

                -e prog [args]  Program to exec after connect (must be last)
                -l              Listen mode, for inbound connects
                -n              Don't do DNS resolution
                -s addr         Local address
                -p port         Local port
                -u              UDP mode
                -v              Verbose (cumulative: -vv)
                -w secs         Timeout for connects and final net reads
                -i sec          Delay interval for lines sent" /* ", ports scanned" */ 
                -o file         Hex dump of traffic
                -z              Zero-I/O mode (scanning)/*   "
                -r              Randomize local and remote ports" */

                 To use netcat as a terminal emulator on a serial port:

        $ stty 115200 -F /dev/ttyS0 $ stty raw -echo -ctlecho && nc -f
        /dev/ttyS0

        Example:

                $ nc foobar.somedomain.com 25
                220 foobar ESMTP Exim 3.12 #1 Sat, 15 Apr 2000 00:03:02 -0600
                help
                214-Commands supported:
                214-    HELO EHLO MAIL RCPT DATA AUTH
                214     NOOP QUIT RSET HELP
                quit
                221 foobar closing connection

    netstat
        netstat [-laentuwxrWp]

        Display networking information

        Options:

                -l      Display listening server sockets
                -a      Display all sockets (default: connected)
                -e      Display other/more information
                -n      Don't resolve names
                -t      Tcp sockets
                -u      Udp sockets
                -w      Raw sockets
                -x      Unix sockets
                -r      Display routing table
                -W      Display with no column truncation
                -p      Display PID/Program name for sockets

    nice
        nice [-n ADJUST] [COMMAND [ARG]...]

        Run a program with modified scheduling priority

        Options:

                -n ADJUST       Adjust the scheduling priority by ADJUST

    nmeter
        nmeter format_string

        Monitor system in real time

        Format specifiers: %Nc or %[cN] Monitor CPU. N - bar size, default
        10

                        (displays: S:system U:user N:niced D:iowait I:irq i:softirq)
        %[niface]       Monitor network interface 'iface'
        %m              Monitor allocated memory
        %[mf]           Monitor free memory
        %[mt]           Monitor total memory
        %s              Monitor allocated swap
        %f              Monitor number of used file descriptors
        %Ni             Monitor total/specific IRQ rate
        %x              Monitor context switch rate
        %p              Monitor forks
        %[pn]           Monitor # of processes
        %b              Monitor block io
        %Nt             Show time (with N decimal points)
        %Nd             Milliseconds between updates (default=1000)
        %r              Print <cr> instead of <lf> at EOL

        Example:

                nmeter '%250d%t %20c int %i bio %b mem %m forks%p'

    nohup
        nohup COMMAND [ARGS]

        Run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty

        Example:

                $ nohup make &

    nslookup
        nslookup [HOST] [SERVER]

        Query the nameserver for the IP address of the given HOST optionally
        using a specified DNS server

        Example:

                $ nslookup localhost
                Server:     default
                Address:    default
        
                Name:       debian
                Address:    127.0.0.1

    od  od [-aBbcDdeFfHhIiLlOovXx] [-t TYPE] [FILE]

        Write an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default, of FILE
        to standard output. With no FILE or when FILE is -, read standard
        input.

    openvt
        openvt [-c NUM] [-sw] [COMMAND [ARGS]]

        Start COMMAND on a new virtual terminal

        Options:

                -c      Use specified VT
                -s      Switch to the VT/*   "
                -l      Run COMMAND as login shell (by prepending '-')" */ 
                -w      Wait for COMMAND to exit

        Example:

                openvt 2 /bin/ash

    parse
        parse [-n maxtokens] [-m mintokens] [-d delims] [-f flags] file ...

        [-n maxtokens] [-m mintokens] [-d delims] [-f flags] file ...

    passwd
        passwd [OPTION] [name]

        Change user's password. If no name is specified, changes the
        password for the current user.

        Options:

                -a      Algorithm to use for password (choices: des, md5)" /* ", sha1)" */ 
                -d      Delete password for the account
                -l      Lock (disable) account
                -u      Unlock (re-enable) account

    patch
        patch [-p NUM] [-i DIFF] [-R]

                -p NUM  Strip NUM leading components from file names
                -i DIFF Read DIFF instead of stdin
                -R      Reverse patch

        Example:

                $ patch -p1 < example.diff
                $ patch -p0 -i example.diff

    pgrep
        pgrep [-flnovx] pattern

        Display process(es) selected by regex pattern

        Options:

                -l      Show command name too
                -f      Match against entire command line
                -n      Show the newest process only
                -o      Show the oldest process only
                -v      Negate the matching
                -x      Match whole name (not substring)

    pidof
        pidof [NAME...]

        List PIDs of all processes with names that match NAMEs USAGE_PIDOF

                -s      Show only one PID
                -o PID  Omit given pid
                        Use %PPID to omit pid of pidof's parent

        Example:

                $ pidof init
                1
                $ pidof /bin/sh
                20351 5973 5950
                $ pidof /bin/sh -o %PPID
                20351 5950

    ping
        ping [OPTION]... host

        Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

        Options:

                -4, -6          Force IPv4 or IPv6 hostname resolution
                -c CNT          Send only CNT pings
                -s SIZE         Send SIZE data bytes in packets (default=56)
                -I iface/IP     Use interface or IP address as source
                -W timeout      Seconds to wait for the first response (default:10)
                                (after all -c CNT packets are sent)
                -w deadline     Seconds until ping exits (default:infinite)
                                (can exit earlier with -c CNT)
                -q              Quiet, only displays output at start
                                and when finished

        Example:

                $ ping localhost
                PING slag (127.0.0.1): 56 data bytes
                64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=20.1 ms
        
                --- debian ping statistics ---
                1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
                round-trip min/avg/max = 20.1/20.1/20.1 ms

    ping6
        ping6 [OPTION]... host

        Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

        Options:

                -c CNT          Send only CNT pings
                -s SIZE         Send SIZE data bytes in packets (default=56)
                -I iface/IP     Use interface or IP address as source
                -q              Quiet, only displays output at start
                                and when finished

        Example:

                $ ping6 ip6-localhost
                PING ip6-localhost (::1): 56 data bytes
                64 bytes from ::1: icmp6_seq=0 ttl=64 time=20.1 ms
        
                --- ip6-localhost ping statistics ---
                1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
                round-trip min/avg/max = 20.1/20.1/20.1 ms

    pipe_progress
        pipe_progress #define pipe_progress_full_usage

    pivot_root
        pivot_root NEW_ROOT PUT_OLD

        Move the current root file system to PUT_OLD and make NEW_ROOT the
        new root file system

    pkill
        pkill [-l] | [-fnovx] [-signal] pattern

        Send a signal to process(es) selected by regex pattern

        Options:

                -l      List all signals
                -f      Match against entire command line
                -n      Signal the newest process only
                -o      Signal the oldest process only
                -v      Negate the matching
                -x      Match whole name (not substring)

    popmaildir
        popmaildir [OPTIONS] Maildir [connection-helper ...]

        Fetch content of remote mailbox to local maildir

        Options:

                -b              Binary mode. Ignored
                -d              Debug. Ignored
                -m              Show used memory. Ignored
                -V              Show version. Ignored
                -c              Use tcpclient. Ignored
                -a              Use APOP protocol. Implied. If server supports APOP -> use it
                -s              Skip authorization
                -T              Get messages with TOP instead with RETR
                -k              Keep retrieved messages on the server
                -t timeout      Set network timeout
                -F "program arg1 arg2 ..."      Filter by program. May be multiple
                -M "program arg1 arg2 ..."      Deliver by program
                -R size         Remove old messages on the server >= size (in bytes). Ignored
                -Z N1-N2        Remove messages from N1 to N2 (dangerous). Ignored
                -L size         Do not retrieve new messages >= size (in bytes). Ignored
                -H lines        Type specified number of lines of a message. Ignored

        Example:

                $ popmaildir -k ~/Maildir -- nc pop.drvv.ru 110 [<password_file]
                $ popmaildir ~/Maildir -- openssl s_client -quiet -connect pop.gmail.com:995 [<password_file]

    poweroff
        poweroff [-d delay] [-n] [-f]

        Halt and shut off power

        Options:

                -d      Delay interval for halting
                -n      No call to sync()
                -f      Force power off (don't go through init)

    printenv
        printenv [VARIABLES...]

        Print all or part of environment. If no environment VARIABLE
        specified, print them all.

    printf
        printf FORMAT [ARGUMENT...]

        Format and print ARGUMENT(s) according to FORMAT, where FORMAT
        controls the output exactly as in C printf

        Example:

                $ printf "Val=%d\n" 5
                Val=5

    ps  ps

        Report process status

                USAGE_PS         
                -Z      Show SE Linux context
                w       Wide output

        Example:

                $ ps
                  PID  Uid      Gid State Command
                    1 root     root     S init
                    2 root     root     S [kflushd]
                    3 root     root     S [kupdate]
                    4 root     root     S [kpiod]
                    5 root     root     S [kswapd]
                  742 andersen andersen S [bash]
                  743 andersen andersen S -bash
                  745 root     root     S [getty]
                 2990 andersen andersen R ps

    pscan
        pscan [-cb] [-p MIN_PORT] [-P MAX_PORT] [-t TIMEOUT] [-T MIN_RTT]
        HOST

        Scan a host, print all open ports

        Options:

                -c      Show closed ports too
                -b      Show blocked ports too
                -p      Scan from this port (default 1)
                -P      Scan up to this port (default 1024)
                -t      Timeout (default 5000 ms)
                -T      Minimum rtt (default 5 ms, increase for congested hosts)

    pwd pwd

        Print the full filename of the current working directory

        Example:

                $ pwd
                /root

    raidautorun
        raidautorun DEVICE

        Tell the kernel to automatically search and start RAID arrays

        Example:

                $ raidautorun /dev/md0

    rdate
        rdate [-sp] HOST

        Get and possibly set the system date and time from a remote HOST

        Options:

                -s      Set the system date and time (default)
                -p      Print the date and time

    rdev
        rdev

        Print the device node associated with the filesystem mounted at '/'

        Example:

                $ rdev
                /dev/mtdblock9 /

    readahead
        readahead [FILE]...

        Preload FILE(s) in RAM cache so that subsequent reads for thosefiles
        do not block on disk I/O

    readlink
        readlink [-f] FILE

        Display the value of a symlink

        Options:

                -f      Canonicalize by following all symlinks

    readprofile
        readprofile [OPTIONS]...

        Options:

                -m mapfile      (Default: /boot/System.map)
                -p profile      (Default: /proc/profile)
                -M mult         Set the profiling multiplier to mult
                -i              Print only info about the sampling step
                -v              Verbose
                -a              Print all symbols, even if count is 0
                -b              Print individual histogram-bin counts
                -s              Print individual counters within functions
                -r              Reset all the counters (root only)
                -n              Disable byte order auto-detection

    realpath
        realpath pathname...

        Return the absolute pathnames of given argument

    reboot
        reboot [-d delay] [-n] [-f]

        Reboot the system

        Options:

                -d      Delay interval for rebooting
                -n      No call to sync()
                -f      Force reboot (don't go through init)

    reformime
        reformime [OPTION]... [FILE]...

        Parse MIME-encoded message

        Options:

                -x prefix       Extract content of MIME sections to files
                -X prog [args]  Filter content of MIME sections through prog.
                                Must be the last option

        Other options are silently ignored.

    renice
        renice {{-n INCREMENT} | PRIORITY} [[-p | -g | -u] ID...]

        Change priority of running processes

        Options:

                -n      Adjust current nice value (smaller is faster)
                -p      Process id(s) (default)
                -g      Process group id(s)
                -u      Process user name(s) and/or id(s)

    reset
        reset

        Reset the screen

    resize
        resize

        Resize the screen

    restorecon
        restorecon [-iFnrRv] [-e excludedir]... [-o filename] [-f filename |
        pathname]

        Reset security contexts of files in pathname

                -i              Ignore files that do not exist
                -f file         File with list of files to process. Use - for stdin
                -e directory    Directory to exclude
                -R,-r           Recurse directories
                -n              Don't change any file labels
                -o file         Save list of files with incorrect context
                -v              Verbose
                -vv             Show changed labels
                -F              Force reset of context to match file_context
                                for customizable files, or the user section,
                                if it has changed

    rm  rm [OPTION]... FILE...

        Remove (unlink) the FILE(s). Use '--' to indicate that all following
        arguments are non-options.

        Options:

                -i      Always prompt before removing
                -f      Never prompt
                -r,-R   Remove directories recursively

        Example:

                $ rm -rf /tmp/foo

    rmdir
        rmdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY...

        Remove the DIRECTORY, if it is empty.

        Options:

                -p|--parents    Include parents
                -ignore-fail-on-non-empty

        Example:

                # rmdir /tmp/foo

    rmmod
        rmmod [OPTION]... [MODULE]...

        Unload the specified kernel modules from the kernel

        Options:

                -w      Wait until the module is no longer used
                -f      Force unloading
                -a      Remove all unused modules (recursively)

        Example:

                $ rmmod tulip

    route
        route [{add|del|delete}]

        Edit kernel routing tables

        Options:

                -n      Don't resolve names
                -e      Display other/more information
                -A inet{6}      Select address family

    rpm rpm -i -q[ildc]p package.rpm

        Manipulate RPM packages

        Options:

                -i      Install package
                -q      Query package
                -p      Query uninstalled package
                -i      Show information
                -l      List contents
                -d      List documents
                -c      List config files

    rpm2cpio
        rpm2cpio package.rpm

        Output a cpio archive of the rpm file

    rtcwake
        rtcwake [-a | -l | -u] [-d DEV] [-m MODE] [-s SECS | -t TIME]

        Enter a system sleep state until specified wakeup time

                -a,--auto        Read clock mode from adjtime
                -l,--local       Clock is set to local time
                -u,--utc         Clock is set to UTC time
                -d,--device=DEV  Specify the RTC device
                -m,--mode=MODE   Set the sleep state (default: standby)
                -s,--seconds=SEC Set the timeout in SEC seconds from now
                -t,--time=TIME   Set the timeout to TIME seconds from epoch

    run-parts
        run-parts [-t] [-l] [-a ARG] [-u MASK] DIRECTORY

        Run a bunch of scripts in a directory

        Options:

                -t      Print what would be run, but don't actually run anything
                -a ARG  Pass ARG as argument for every program
                -u MASK Set the umask to MASK before running every program
                -l      Print names of all matching files even if they are not executable

        Example:

                $ run-parts -a start /etc/init.d
                $ run-parts -a stop=now /etc/init.d
        
                Let's assume you have a script foo/dosomething:
                #!/bin/sh
                for i in $*; do eval $i; done; unset i
                case "$1" in
                start*) echo starting something;;
                stop*) set -x; shutdown -h $stop;;
                esac
        
                Running this yields:
                $run-parts -a stop=+4m foo/
                + shutdown -h +4m

    runcon
        runcon [-c] [-u USER] [-r ROLE] [-t TYPE] [-l RANGE] COMMAND [args]
        runcon CONTEXT COMMAND [args]

        Run a program in a different security context

                CONTEXT         Complete security context

                -c,--compute    Compute process transition context before modifying
                -t,--type=TYPE  Type (for same role as parent)
                -u,--user=USER  User identity
                -r,--role=ROLE  Role
                -l,--range=RNG  Levelrange

    runlevel
        runlevel [utmp]

        Example:

                $ runlevel /var/run/utmp
                N 2

    runsv
        runsv dir

        Start and monitor a service and optionally an appendant log service

    runsvdir
        runsvdir [-P] [-s SCRIPT] dir

        Start a runsv process for each subdirectory. If it exits, restart
        it.

                -P              Put each runsv in a new session
                -s SCRIPT       Run SCRIPT <signo> after signal is processed

    rx  rx FILE

        Receive a file using the xmodem protocol

        Example:

                $ rx /tmp/foo

    script
        script [-afq] [-c COMMAND] [OUTFILE]

        Options:

                -a      Append output
                -c      Run COMMAND, not shell
                -f      Flush output after each write
                -q      Quiet

    sed sed [-efinr] pattern [files...]

        Options:

                -e script       Add the script to the commands to be executed
                -f scriptfile   Add scriptfile contents to the
                                commands to be executed
                -i              Edit files in-place
                -n              Suppress automatic printing of pattern space
                -r              Use extended regular expression syntax

        If no -e or -f is given, the first non-option argument is taken as
        the sed script to interpret. All remaining arguments are names of
        input files; if no input files are specified, then the standard
        input is read. Source files will not be modified unless -i option is
        given.

        Example:

                $ echo "foo" | sed -e 's/f[a-zA-Z]o/bar/g'
                bar

    selinuxenabled
        selinuxenabled #define selinuxenabled_full_usage

    sendmail
        sendmail [OPTIONS] [rcpt]...

        Send an email

        Options:

                -w timeout      Network timeout
                -H [user:pass@]server[:port] Server
                -S              Use openssl connection helper for secure servers
                -N type         Request delivery notification. Type is ignored
                -f sender       Sender
                -F fullname     Sender full name. Overrides $NAME
                -s subject      Subject
                -j charset      Assume charset for body and subject (" CONFIG_FEATURE_MIME_CHARSET  
                -a file         File to attach. May be multiple
                -H "prog args..." Use external connection helper. E.g. openssl for secure servers
                -S server[:port] Server         )        
                -c rcpt         Cc: recipient. May be multiple
                -e rcpt         Errors-To: recipient

    seq seq [first [increment]] last

        Print numbers from FIRST to LAST, in steps of INCREMENT. FIRST,
        INCREMENT default to 1

        Arguments:

                LAST
                FIRST LAST
                FIRST INCREMENT LAST

    sestatus
        sestatus [-vb]

                -v      Verbose
                -b      Display current state of booleans

    setarch
        setarch personality program [args...]

        Personality may be:

                linux32         Set 32bit uname emulation
                linux64         Set 64bit uname emulation

    setconsole
        setconsole [-r|--reset] [DEVICE]

        Redirect system console output to DEVICE (default: /dev/tty)

        Options:

                -r      Reset output to /dev/console

    setenforce
        setenforce [Enforcing | Permissive | 1 | 0]

    setfiles
        setfiles [-dnpqsvW] [-e dir]... [-o file] [-r alt_root_path] [-c
        policyfile] spec_file pathname

        Reset file contexts under pathname according to spec_file

                -c file Check the validity of the contexts against the specified binary policy
                -d      Show which specification matched each file
                -l      Log changes in file labels to syslog
                -n      Don't change any file labels
                -q      Suppress warnings
                -r dir  Use an altenate root path
                -e dir  Exclude directory
                -F      Force reset of context to match file_context for customizable files
                -o file Save list of files with incorrect context
                -s      Take a list of files from standard input (instead of command line)
                -v      Show changes in file labels, if type or role are changing
                -vv     Show changes in file labels, if type, role, or user are changing
                -W      Display warnings about entries that had no matching files

    setfont
        setfont FONT [-m MAPFILE] [-C TTY]

        Load a console font

        Options:

                -m MAPFILE      Load console screen map
                -C TTY          Affect TTY instead of /dev/tty

        Example:

                $ setfont -m koi8-r /etc/i18n/fontname

    setkeycodes
        setkeycodes SCANCODE KEYCODE...

        Set entries into the kernel's scancode-to-keycode map, allowing
        unusual keyboards to generate usable keycodes.

        SCANCODE may be either xx or e0xx (hexadecimal), and KEYCODE is
        given in decimal

        Example:

                $ setkeycodes e030 127

    setlogcons
        setlogcons N

        Redirect the kernel output to console N (0 for current)

    setsebool
        setsebool boolean value

        Change boolean setting

    setsid
        setsid PROG [ARG...]

        Run PROG in a new session. PROG will have no controlling terminal
        and will not be affected by keyboard signals (Ctrl-C etc). See
        setsid(2) for details.

    setuidgid
        setuidgid account prog args

        Set uid and gid to account's uid and gid, removing all supplementary
        groups and run PROG

    sh  sh #define sh_full_usage

    sha1sum
        sha1sum [OPTION] [FILEs...] or: sha1sum [OPTION] -c [FILE]

        Print or check SHA1 checksums.

        Options:

                -c      Check SHA1 sums against given list
                -s      Don't output anything, status code shows success
                -w      Warn about improperly formatted SHA1 checksum lines

    showkey
        showkey [-a | -k | -s]

        Show keys pressed

        Options:

                -a      Display decimal/octal/hex values of the keys
                -k      Display interpreted keycodes (default)
                -s      Display raw scan-codes

    slattach
        slattach [-cehmLF] [-s speed] [-p protocol] DEVICEs

        Attach network interface(s) to serial line(s)

        Options:

                -p      Set protocol (slip, cslip, slip6, clisp6 or adaptive)
                -s      Set line speed
                -e      Exit after initializing device
                -h      Exit when the carrier is lost
                -c      Execute a command when the line is hung up
                -m      Do NOT initialize the line in raw 8 bits mode
                -L      Enable 3-wire operation
                -F      Disable RTS/CTS flow control

    sleep
        sleep [N]...

                         Pause for a time equal to the total of the args given, where each arg can
        have an optional suffix of (s)econds, (m)inutes, (h)ours, or (d)ays

        Example:

                $ sleep 2
                [2 second delay results]
                $ sleep 1d 3h 22m 8s
                [98528 second delay results]

    softlimit
        softlimit [-a BYTES] [-m BYTES] [-d BYTES] [-s BYTES] [-l BYTES] [-f
        BYTES] [-c BYTES] [-r BYTES] [-o N] [-p N] [-t N] PROG ARGS

        Set soft resource limits, then run PROG

        Options:

                -a BYTES        Limit total size of all segments
                -m BYTES        Same as -d BYTES -s BYTES -l BYTES -a BYTES
                -d BYTES        Limit data segment
                -s BYTES        Limit stack segment
                -l BYTES        Limit locked memory size
                -o N            Limit number of open files per process
                -p N            Limit number of processes per uid
        Options controlling file sizes:

                -f BYTES        Limit output file sizes
                -c BYTES        Limit core file size
        Efficiency opts:

                -r BYTES        Limit resident set size
                -t N            Limit CPU time, process receives
                                a SIGXCPU after N seconds

    sort
        sort [-nrugMcszbdfimSTokt] [-o FILE] [-k
        start[.offset][opts][,end[.offset][opts]] [-t CHAR] [FILE]...

        Sort lines of text

        Options:

                -b      Ignore leading blanks
                -c      Check whether input is sorted
                -d      Dictionary order (blank or alphanumeric only)
                -f      Ignore case
                -g      General numerical sort
                -i      Ignore unprintable characters
                -k      Sort key
                -M      Sort month
                -n      Sort numbers
                -o      Output to file
                -k      Sort by key
                -t CHAR Key separator
                -r      Reverse sort order
                -s      Stable (don't sort ties alphabetically)
                -u      Suppress duplicate lines
                -z      Lines are terminated by NUL, not newline
                -mST    Ignored for GNU compatibility

        Example:

                $ echo -e "e\nf\nb\nd\nc\na" | sort
                a
                b
                c
                d
                e
                f
                $ echo -e "c 3\nb 2\nd 2" | $SORT -k 2,2n -k 1,1r
                d 2
                b 2
                c 3

    split
        split [OPTION] [INPUT [PREFIX]]

        Options:

                -b n[k|m]       Split by bytes
                -l n            Split by lines
                -a n            Use n letters as suffix

        Example:

                $ split TODO foo
                $ cat TODO | split -a 2 -l 2 TODO_

    start-stop-daemon
        start-stop-daemon [OPTIONS] [-S|-K] ... [-- arguments...]

        Search for matching processes, and then -K: stop all matching
        processes. -S: start a process unless a matching process is found.

        Process matching:

                -u,--user USERNAME|UID  Match only this user's processes
                -n,--name NAME          Match processes with NAME
                                        in comm field in /proc/PID/stat
                -x,--exec EXECUTABLE    Match processes with this command
                                        in /proc/PID/cmdline
                -p,--pidfile FILE       Match a process with PID from the file
                All specified conditions must match
        B<-S> only:

                -x,--exec EXECUTABLE    Program to run
                -a,--startas NAME       Zeroth argument
                -b,--background         Background
                -N,--nicelevel N        Change nice level
                -c,--chuid USER[:[GRP]] Change to user/group
                -m,--make-pidfile       Write PID to the pidfile specified by -p
        B<-K> only:

                -s,--signal SIG         Signal to send
                -t,--test               Match only, exit with 0 if a process is found
        Other:

                -o,--oknodo             Exit with status 0 if nothing is done
                -v,--verbose            Verbose
                -q,--quiet              Quiet
                -c USER[:[GRP]] Change to user/group
                -m              Write PID to the pidfile specified by -p
        B<-K> only:

                -s SIG          Signal to send
                -t              Match only, exit with 0 if a process is found
        Other:

                -o              Exit with status 0 if nothing is done
                -v              Verbose
                -q              Quiet   )

    stat
        stat [OPTION] FILE...

        Display file (default) or filesystem status

        Options:

                -c fmt  Use the specified format
                -f      Display filesystem status
                -L      Dereference links
                -t      Display info in terse form
                -Z      Print security context

        Valid format sequences for files:

         %a     Access rights in octal
         %A     Access rights in human readable form
         %b     Number of blocks allocated (see %B)
         %B     The size in bytes of each block reported by %b
         %d     Device number in decimal
         %D     Device number in hex
         %f     Raw mode in hex
         %F     File type
         %g     Group ID of owner
         %G     Group name of owner
         %h     Number of hard links
         %i     Inode number
         %n     File name
         %N     Quoted file name with dereference if symlink
         %o     I/O block size
         %s     Total size, in bytes
         %t     Major device type in hex
         %T     Minor device type in hex
         %u     User ID of owner
         %U     User name of owner
         %x     Time of last access
         %X     Time of last access as seconds since Epoch
         %y     Time of last modification
         %Y     Time of last modification as seconds since Epoch
         %z     Time of last change
         %Z     Time of last change as seconds since Epoch

        Valid format sequences for file systems:

         %a     Free blocks available to non-superuser
         %b     Total data blocks in file system
         %c     Total file nodes in file system
         %d     Free file nodes in file system
         %f     Free blocks in file system
         %C     Security context in SELinux
         %i     File System ID in hex
         %l     Maximum length of filenames
         %n     File name
         %s     Block size (for faster transfer)
         %S     Fundamental block size (for block counts)
         %t     Type in hex
         %T     Type in human readable form

    strings
        strings [-afo] [-n length] [file...]

        Display printable strings in a binary file

        Options:

                -a      Scan whole file (default)
                -f      Precede strings with filenames
                -n N    At least N characters form a string (default 4)
                -o      Precede strings with decimal offsets

    stty
        stty [-a|g] [-F DEVICE] [SETTING]...

        Without arguments, prints baud rate, line discipline, and deviations
        from stty sane

        Options:

                -F DEVICE       Open device instead of stdin
                -a              Print all current settings in human-readable form
                -g              Print in stty-readable form
                [SETTING]       See manpage

    su  su [OPTION]... [-] [username]

        Change user id or become root

        Options:

                -p, -m  Preserve environment
                -c      Command to pass to 'sh -c'
                -s      Shell to use instead of default shell

    sulogin
        sulogin [OPTION]... [tty-device]

        Single user login

        Options:

                -t      Timeout

    sum sum [rs] [files...]

        Checksum and count the blocks in a file

        Options:

                -r      Use BSD sum algorithm (1K blocks)
                -s      Use System V sum algorithm (512byte blocks)

    sv  sv [-v] [-w sec] command service...

        Control services monitored by runsv supervisor. Commands (only first
        character is enough):

        status: query service status up: if service isn't running, start it.
        If service stops, restart it once: like 'up', but if service stops,
        don't restart it down: send TERM and CONT signals. If ./run exits,
        start ./finish

                if it exists. After it stops, do not restart service
        exit: send TERM and CONT signals to service and log service. If they exit,

                runsv exits too
        pause, cont, hup, alarm, interrupt, quit, 1, 2, term, kill: send
        STOP, CONT, HUP, ALRM, INT, QUIT, USR1, USR2, TERM, KILL signal to service

    svlogd
        svlogd [-ttv] [-r c] [-R abc] [-l len] [-b buflen] dir...

        Continuously read log data from standard input, optionally filter
        log messages, and write the data to one or more automatically
        rotated logs

    swapoff
        swapoff [-a] [DEVICE]

        Stop swapping on DEVICE

        Options:

                -a      Stop swapping on all swap devices

    swapon
        swapon [-a] [-p pri] [DEVICE]

        Start swapping on DEVICE

        Options:

                -a      Start swapping on all swap devices
                -p pri  Set swap device priority

    switch_root
        switch_root [-c /dev/console] NEW_ROOT NEW_INIT [ARGUMENTS_TO_INIT]

        Use from PID 1 under initramfs to free initramfs, chroot to
        NEW_ROOT, and exec NEW_INIT

        Options:

                -c      Redirect console to device on new root

    sync
        sync

        Write all buffered filesystem blocks to disk

    sysctl
        sysctl [OPTIONS]... [VALUE]...

        Configure kernel parameters at runtime

        Options:

                -n      Disable printing of key names
                -e      Don't warn about unknown keys
                -w      Change sysctl setting
                -p FILE Load sysctl settings from FILE (default /etc/sysctl.conf)
                -a      Display all values
                -A      Display all values in table form

        Example:

                sysctl [-n] [-e] variable...
                sysctl [-n] [-e] -w variable=value...
                sysctl [-n] [-e] -a
                sysctl [-n] [-e] -p file        (default /etc/sysctl.conf)
                sysctl [-n] [-e] -A

    syslogd
        syslogd [OPTION]...

        System logging utility. Note that this version of syslogd ignores
        /etc/syslog.conf.

        Options:

                -n              Run in foreground
                -O FILE         Log to given file (default=/var/log/messages)
                -l n            Set local log level
                -S              Smaller logging output
                -s SIZE         Max size (KB) before rotate (default=200KB, 0=off)
                -b NUM          Number of rotated logs to keep (default=1, max=99, 0=purge)
                -R HOST[:PORT]  Log to IP or hostname on PORT (default PORT=514/UDP)
                -L              Log locally and via network (default is network only if -R)
                -D              Drop duplicates
                -C[size(KiB)]   Log to shared mem buffer (read it using logread)        /* NB: -Csize shouldn't have space (because size is optional) */

        Example:

                $ syslogd -R masterlog:514
                $ syslogd -R 192.168.1.1:601

    tac tac [FILE]...

        Concatenate FILE(s) and print them in reverse

    tail
        tail [OPTION]... [FILE]...

        Print last 10 lines of each FILE to standard output. With more than
        one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name. With no
        FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

        Options:

                -c N[kbm]       Output the last N bytes
                -n N[kbm]       Print last N lines instead of last 10
                -f              Output data as the file grows
                -q              Never output headers giving file names
                -s SEC          Wait SEC seconds between reads with -f
                -v              Always output headers giving file names

        If the first character of N (bytes or lines) is a '+', output begins
        with the Nth item from the start of each file, otherwise, print the
        last N items in the file. N bytes may be suffixed by k (x1024), b
        (x512), or m (1024^2).

        Example:

                $ tail -n 1 /etc/resolv.conf
                nameserver 10.0.0.1

    tar tar -[czjaZxtvO] [-X FILE] [-f TARFILE] [-C DIR] [FILE(s)]...

        Create, extract, or list files from a tar file

        Options:

                c       Create
                x       Extract
                t       List
        Archive format selection:

                z       Filter the archive through gzip
                j       Filter the archive through bzip2
                a       Filter the archive through lzma
                Z       Filter the archive through compress
        File selection:

                f       Name of TARFILE or "-" for stdin
                O       Extract to stdout
                exclude File to exclude
                X       File with names to exclude
                C       Change to directory DIR before operation
                v       Verbose

        Example:

                $ zcat /tmp/tarball.tar.gz | tar -xf -
                $ tar -cf /tmp/tarball.tar /usr/local

    taskset
        taskset [-p] [mask] [pid | command [arg]...]

        Set or get CPU affinity

        Options:

                -p      Operate on an existing PID

        Example:

                $ taskset 0x7 ./dgemm_test&
                $ taskset -p 0x1 $!
                pid 4790's current affinity mask: 7
                pid 4790's new affinity mask: 1
                $ taskset 0x7 /bin/sh -c './taskset -p 0x1 $$'
                pid 6671's current affinity mask: 1
                pid 6671's new affinity mask: 1
                $ taskset -p 1
                pid 1's current affinity mask: 3

    tc  tc /*"[OPTIONS] "*/"OBJECT CMD [dev STRING]

        OBJECT: {qdisc|class|filter} CMD: {add|del|change|replace|show}

        qdisc [ handle QHANDLE ] [ root | ingress | parent CLASSID ]

                /* "    [ estimator INTERVAL TIME_CONSTANT ]
        " */    [ [ QDISC_KIND ] [ help | OPTIONS ] ]

                QDISC_KIND := { [p|b]fifo | tbf | prio | cbq | red | etc. }
        qdisc show [ dev STRING ] [ingress]
        class [ classid CLASSID ] [ root | parent CLASSID ]

                [ [ QDISC_KIND ] [ help | OPTIONS ] ]
        class show [ dev STRING ] [ root | parent CLASSID ]
        filter [ pref PRIO ] [ protocol PROTO ]

                /* "    [ estimator INTERVAL TIME_CONSTANT ]
        " */    [ root | classid CLASSID ] [ handle FILTERID ]

                [ [ FILTER_TYPE ] [ help | OPTIONS ] ]
        filter show [ dev STRING ] [ root | parent CLASSID ]

    tcpsvd
        tcpsvd [-hEv] [-c n] [-C n:msg] [-b n] [-u user] [-l name] ip port
        prog...

        Create TCP socket, bind it to ip:port and listen for incoming
        connection. Run PROG for each connection.

        ip IP to listen on. '0' = all port Port to listen on prog [arg]
        Program to run -l name Local hostname (else looks up local hostname
        in DNS) -u user[:group] Change to user/group after bind -c n Handle
        up to n connections simultaneously -b n Allow a backlog of
        approximately n TCP SYNs -C n[:msg] Allow only up to n connections
        from the same IP

                        New connections from this IP address are closed
                        immediately. 'msg' is written to the peer before close
        B<-h>           Look up peer's hostname
        B<-E>           Do not set up environment variables
        B<-v>           Verbose

    tee tee [OPTION]... [FILE]...

        Copy standard input to each FILE, and also to standard output

        Options:

                -a      Append to the given FILEs, do not overwrite
                -i      Ignore interrupt signals (SIGINT)

        Example:

                $ echo "Hello" | tee /tmp/foo
                $ cat /tmp/foo
                Hello

    telnet
        telnet HOST [PORT]

        Connect to telnet server

    telnetd
        telnetd [OPTION]

        Handle incoming telnet connections

        Options:

                -l LOGIN        Exec LOGIN on connect
                -f issue_file   Display issue_file instead of /etc/issue
                -K              Close connection as soon as login exits
                                (normally wait until all programs close slave pty)
                -p PORT         Port to listen on
                -b ADDR         Address to bind to
                -F              Run in foreground
                -i              Run as inetd subservice

    test
        test EXPRESSION ]

        Check file types, compare values etc. Return a 0/1 exit code
        depending on logical value of EXPRESSION

        Example:

                $ test 1 -eq 2
                $ echo $?
                1
                $ test 1 -eq 1
                $ echo $?
                0
                $ [ -d /etc ]
                $ echo $?
                0
                $ [ -d /junk ]
                $ echo $?
                1

    tftp
        tftp [OPTION]... HOST [PORT]

        Transfer a file from/to tftp server

        Options:

                -l FILE Local FILE
                -r FILE Remote FILE
                -g      Get file
                -p      Put file
                -b SIZE Transfer blocks of SIZE octets

    tftpd
        tftpd [-cr] [-u USER] [DIR]

        Transfer a file on tftp client's request.

        tftpd should be used as an inetd service. tftpd's line for
        inetd.conf:

                69 dgram udp nowait root tftpd tftpd /files/to/serve
        It also can be ran from udpsvd:

                udpsvd -vE 0.0.0.0 69 tftpd /files/to/serve

        Options:

                -r      Prohibit upload
                -c      Allow file creation via upload
                -u      Access files as USER

    time
        time [OPTION]... COMMAND [ARGS...]

        Run the program COMMAND with arguments ARGS. When COMMAND finishes,
        COMMAND's resource usage information is displayed.

        Options:

                -v      Verbose

    top top [-b] [-nCOUNT] [-dSECONDS]

        Provide a view of process activity in real time. Read the status of
        all processes from /proc each SECONDS and show the status for
        however many processes will fit on the screen.

    touch
        touch [-c] FILE [FILE...]

        Update the last-modified date on the given FILE[s]

        Options:

                -c      Do not create any files

        Example:

                $ ls -l /tmp/foo
                /bin/ls: /tmp/foo: No such file or directory
                $ touch /tmp/foo
                $ ls -l /tmp/foo
                -rw-rw-r--    1 andersen andersen        0 Apr 15 01:11 /tmp/foo

    tr  tr [-cds] STRING1 [STRING2]

        Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input,
        writing to standard output

        Options:

                -c      Take complement of STRING1
                -d      Delete input characters coded STRING1
                -s      Squeeze multiple output characters of STRING2 into one character

        Example:

                $ echo "gdkkn vnqkc" | tr [a-y] [b-z]
                hello world

    traceroute
        traceroute [-FIldnrv] [-f 1st_ttl] [-m max_ttl] [-p port#] [-q
        nqueries] [-s src_addr] [-t tos] [-w wait] [-g gateway] [-i iface]
        [-z pausemsecs] HOST [data size]

        Trace the route to HOST

        Options:

                -F      Set the don't fragment bit
                -I      Use ICMP ECHO instead of UDP datagrams
                -l      Display the ttl value of the returned packet
                -d      Set SO_DEBUG options to socket
                -n      Print hop addresses numerically rather than symbolically
                -r      Bypass the normal routing tables and send directly to a host
                -v      Verbose
                -m max_ttl      Max time-to-live (max number of hops)
                -p port#        Base UDP port number used in probes
                                (default is 33434)
                -q nqueries     Number of probes per 'ttl' (default 3)
                -s src_addr     IP address to use as the source address
                -t tos          Type-of-service in probe packets (default 0)
                -w wait         Time in seconds to wait for a response
                                (default 3 sec)
                -g              Loose source route gateway (8 max)

    true
        true

        Return an exit code of TRUE (0)

        Example:

                $ true
                $ echo $?
                0

    tty tty

        Print file name of standard input's terminal

        Options:

                -s      Print nothing, only return exit status

        Example:

                $ tty
                /dev/tty2

    ttysize
        ttysize [w] [h]

        Print dimension(s) of standard input's terminal, on error return
        80x25

    tune2fs
        tune2fs [-c max-mounts-count] [-e errors-behavior] [-g group] [-i
        interval[d|m|w]] [-j] [-J journal-options] [-l] [-s sparse-flag] [-m
        reserved-blocks-percent] [-o [^]mount-options[,...]] [-r
        reserved-blocks-count] [-u user] [-C mount-count] [-L volume-label]
        [-M last-mounted-dir] [-O [^]feature[,...]] [-T last-check-time] [-U
        UUID] device

        Adjust filesystem options on ext[23] filesystems

    udhcpc
        udhcpc [-Cfbnqtvo] [-c CID] [-V VCLS] [-H HOSTNAME] [-i INTERFACE]
        [-p pidfile] [-r IP] [-s script] [-O dhcp-option]... [-P N]

                        -V,--vendorclass=CLASSID        Vendor class identifier
                -i,--interface=INTERFACE        Interface to use (default eth0)
                -H,-h,--hostname=HOSTNAME       Client hostname
                -c,--clientid=CLIENTID  Client identifier
                -C,--clientid-none      Suppress default client identifier
                -p,--pidfile=file       Create pidfile
                -r,--request=IP         IP address to request
                -s,--script=file        Run file at DHCP events (default "CONFIG_UDHCPC_DEFAULT_SCRIPT 
                -t,--retries=N          Send up to N request packets
                -T,--timeout=N          Try to get a lease for N seconds (default 3)
                -A,--tryagain=N         Wait N seconds (default 20) after failure
                -O,--request-option=OPT Request DHCP option OPT (cumulative)
                -o,--no-default-options Do not request any options (unless -O is also given)
                -f,--foreground Run in foreground
                -b,--background Background if lease is not immediately obtained
                -S,--syslog     Log to syslog too
                -n,--now        Exit with failure if lease is not immediately obtained
                -q,--quit       Quit after obtaining lease
                -R,--release    Release IP on quit
                -P,--client-port N  Use port N instead of default 68
                -a,--arping     Use arping to validate offered address  )       
                -t N            Send up to N request packets
                -T N            Try to get a lease for N seconds (default 3)
                -A N            Wait N seconds (default 20) after failure
                -O OPT          Request DHCP option OPT (cumulative)
                -o              Do not request any options (unless -O is also given)
                -f              Run in foreground
                -b              Background if lease is not immediately obtained
                -S              Log to syslog too
                -n              Exit with failure if lease is not immediately obtained
                -q              Quit after obtaining lease
                -R              Release IP on quit
                -P N            Use port N instead of default 68
                -a              Use arping to validate offered address  )

    udhcpd
        udhcpd [-fS] [-P N] [configfile]

        DHCP server

                -f      Run in foreground
                -S      Log to syslog too
                -P N    Use port N instead of default 67

    udpsvd
        udpsvd [-hEv] [-c n] [-u user] [-l name] ip port prog

        Create UDP socket, bind it to ip:port and wait for incoming packets.
        Run PROG for each packet, redirecting all further packets with same
        peer ip:port to it

        ip IP to listen on. '0' = all port Port to listen on prog [arg]
        Program to run -l name Local hostname (else looks up local hostname
        in DNS) -u user[:group] Change to user/group after bind -c n Handle
        up to n connections simultaneously -h Look up peer's hostname -E Do
        not set up environment variables -v Verbose

    umount
        umount [flags] FILESYSTEM|DIRECTORY

        Unmount file systems

        Options:

                -a      Unmount all file systems in /etc/mtab
                -n      Don't erase /etc/mtab entries
                -r      Try to remount devices as read-only if mount is busy
                -l      Lazy umount (detach filesystem)
                -f      Force umount (i.e., unreachable NFS server)
                -d      Free loop device if it has been used

        Example:

                $ umount /dev/hdc1

    uname
        uname [-amnrspv]

        Print system information.

        Options:

                -a      Print all
                -m      The machine (hardware) type
                -n      Hostname
                -r      OS release
                -s      OS name (default)
                -p      Processor type
                -v      OS version

        Example:

                $ uname -a
                Linux debian 2.4.23 #2 Tue Dec 23 17:09:10 MST 2003 i686 GNU/Linux

    uncompress
        uncompress [-c] [-f] [name...]

        Uncompress .Z file[s]

        Options:

                -c      Extract to stdout
                -f      Overwrite an existing file

    unexpand
        unexpand [-f][-a][-t NUM] [FILE|-]

        Convert spaces to tabs, writing to standard output.

        Options:

                -a,--all        Convert all blanks
                -f,--first-only Convert only leading blanks
                -t,--tabs=N     Tabstops every N chars

    uniq
        uniq [-fscduw]... [INPUT [OUTPUT]]

        Discard duplicate lines

        Options:

                -c      Prefix lines by the number of occurrences
                -d      Only print duplicate lines
                -u      Only print unique lines
                -f N    Skip first N fields
                -s N    Skip first N chars (after any skipped fields)
                -w N    Compare N characters in line

        Example:

                $ echo -e "a\na\nb\nc\nc\na" | sort | uniq
                a
                b
                c

    unix2dos
        unix2dos [option] [FILE]

        Convert FILE from unix to dos format. When no file is given, use
        stdin/stdout.

        Options:

                -u      dos2unix
                -d      unix2dos

    unlzma
        unlzma [OPTION]... [FILE]

        Uncompress FILE (or standard input if FILE is '-' or omitted)

        Options:

                -c      Write to standard output
                -f      Force

    unzip
        unzip [-opts[modifiers]] file[.zip] [list] [-x xlist] [-d exdir]

        Extract files from ZIP archives

        Options:

                -l      List archive contents (with -q for short form)
                -n      Never overwrite existing files (default)
                -o      Overwrite files without prompting
                -p      Send output to stdout
                -q      Quiet
                -x      Exclude these files
                -d      Extract files into this directory

    uptime
        uptime

        Display the time since the last boot

        Example:

                $ uptime
                  1:55pm  up  2:30, load average: 0.09, 0.04, 0.00

    usleep
        usleep N

        Pause for N microseconds

        Example:

                $ usleep 1000000
                [pauses for 1 second]

    uudecode
        uudecode [-o outfile] [infile]

        Uudecode a file Finds outfile name in uuencoded source unless -o is
        given

        Example:

                $ uudecode -o busybox busybox.uu
                $ ls -l busybox
                -rwxr-xr-x   1 ams      ams        245264 Jun  7 21:35 busybox

    uuencode
        uuencode [-m] [infile] stored_filename

        Uuencode a file to stdout

        Options:

                -m      Use base64 encoding per RFC1521

        Example:

                $ uuencode busybox busybox
                begin 755 busybox
                <encoded file snipped>
                $ uudecode busybox busybox > busybox.uu
                $

    vconfig
        vconfig COMMAND [OPTIONS]...

        Create and remove virtual ethernet devices

        Options:

                add             [interface-name] [vlan_id]
                rem             [vlan-name]
                set_flag        [interface-name] [flag-num] [0 | 1]
                set_egress_map  [vlan-name] [skb_priority] [vlan_qos]
                set_ingress_map [vlan-name] [skb_priority] [vlan_qos]
                set_name_type   [name-type]

    vi  vi [OPTION] [FILE]...

        Edit FILE

        Options:

                -c      Initial command to run ($EXINIT also available)
                -R      Read-only - do not write to the file
                -H      Short help regarding available features

    vlock
        vlock [OPTIONS]

        Lock a virtual terminal. A password is required to unlock.

        Options:

                -a      Lock all VTs

    watch
        watch [-n seconds] [-t] COMMAND...

        Execute a program periodically

        Options:

                -n      Loop period in seconds (default 2)
                -t      Don't print header

        Example:

                $ watch date
                Mon Dec 17 10:31:40 GMT 2000
                Mon Dec 17 10:31:42 GMT 2000
                Mon Dec 17 10:31:44 GMT 2000

    watchdog
        watchdog [-t N[ms]] [-T N[ms]] [-F] DEV

        Periodically write to watchdog device DEV

        Options:

                -T N    Reboot after N seconds if not reset (default 60)
                -t N    Reset every N seconds (default 30)
                -F      Run in foreground

        Use 500ms to specify period in milliseconds

    wc  wc [OPTION]... [FILE]...

        Print line, word, and byte counts for each FILE, and a total line if
        more than one FILE is specified. With no FILE, read standard input.

        Options:

                -c      Print the byte counts
                -l      Print the newline counts
                -L      Print the length of the longest line
                -w      Print the word counts

        Example:

                $ wc /etc/passwd
                     31      46    1365 /etc/passwd

    wget
        wget [-c|--continue] [-s|--spider] [-q|--quiet]
        [-O|--output-document file] [--header 'header: value'] [-Y|--proxy
        on/off] [-P DIR] [-U|--user-agent agent] url

        Retrieve files via HTTP or FTP

        Options:

                -s      Spider mode - only check file existence
                -c      Continue retrieval of aborted transfer
                -q      Quiet
                -P      Set directory prefix to DIR
                -O      Save to filename ('-' for stdout)
                -U      Adjust 'User-Agent' field
                -Y      Use proxy ('on' or 'off')

    which
        which [COMMAND...]

        Locate a COMMAND

        Example:

                $ which login
                /bin/login

    who who [-a]

        Show who is logged on

        Options:

                -a      show all

    whoami
        whoami

        Print the user name associated with the current effective user id

    xargs
        xargs [OPTIONS] [COMMAND] [ARGS...]

        Execute COMMAND on every item given by standard input

        Options:

                -p      Ask user whether to run each command
                -r      Do not run command if input is empty
                -0      Input is separated by NUL characters
                -t      Print the command on stderr before execution
                -e[STR] STR stops input processing
                -n N    Pass no more than N args to COMMAND
                -s N    Pass command line of no more than N bytes
                -x      Exit if size is exceeded

        Example:

                $ ls | xargs gzip
                $ find . -name '*.c' -print | xargs rm

    yes yes [OPTION]... [STRING]...

        Repeatedly output a line with all specified STRING(s), or 'y'

    zcat
        zcat FILE

        Uncompress to stdout

    zcip
        zcip [OPTIONS] ifname script

        Manage a ZeroConf IPv4 link-local address

        Options:

                -f              Run in foreground
                -q              Quit after obtaining address
                -r 169.254.x.x  Request this address first
                -v              Verbose

        With no -q, runs continuously monitoring for ARP conflicts, exits
        only on I/O errors (link down etc)

LIBC NSS
    GNU Libc (glibc) uses the Name Service Switch (NSS) to configure the
    behavior of the C library for the local environment, and to configure
    how it reads system data, such as passwords and group information. This
    is implemented using an /etc/nsswitch.conf configuration file, and using
    one or more of the /lib/libnss_* libraries. BusyBox tries to avoid using
    any libc calls that make use of NSS. Some applets however, such as login
    and su, will use libc functions that require NSS.

    If you enable CONFIG_USE_BB_PWD_GRP, BusyBox will use internal functions
    to directly access the /etc/passwd, /etc/group, and /etc/shadow files
    without using NSS. This may allow you to run your system without the
    need for installing any of the NSS configuration files and libraries.

    When used with glibc, the BusyBox 'networking' applets will similarly
    require that you install at least some of the glibc NSS stuff (in
    particular, /etc/nsswitch.conf, /lib/libnss_dns*, /lib/libnss_files*,
    and /lib/libresolv*).

    Shameless Plug: As an alternative, one could use a C library such as
    uClibc. In addition to making your system significantly smaller, uClibc
    does not require the use of any NSS support files or libraries.

MAINTAINER
    Denis Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>

AUTHORS
    The following people have contributed code to BusyBox whether they know
    it or not. If you have written code included in BusyBox, you should
    probably be listed here so you can obtain your bit of eternal glory. If
    you should be listed here, or the description of what you have done
    needs more detail, or is incorect, please send in an update.

    Emanuele Aina <emanuele.aina@tiscali.it> run-parts

    Erik Andersen <andersen@codepoet.org>

        Tons of new stuff, major rewrite of most of the
        core apps, tons of new apps as noted in header files.
        Lots of tedious effort writing these boring docs that
        nobody is going to actually read.

    Laurence Anderson <l.d.anderson@warwick.ac.uk>

        rpm2cpio, unzip, get_header_cpio, read_gz interface, rpm

    Jeff Angielski <jeff@theptrgroup.com>

        ftpput, ftpget

    Edward Betts <edward@debian.org>

        expr, hostid, logname, whoami

    John Beppu <beppu@codepoet.org>

        du, nslookup, sort

    Brian Candler <B.Candler@pobox.com>

        tiny-ls(ls)

    Randolph Chung <tausq@debian.org>

        fbset, ping, hostname

    Dave Cinege <dcinege@psychosis.com>

        more(v2), makedevs, dutmp, modularization, auto links file,
        various fixes, Linux Router Project maintenance

    Jordan Crouse <jordan@cosmicpenguin.net>

            ipcalc

    Magnus Damm <damm@opensource.se>

        tftp client insmod powerpc support

    Larry Doolittle <ldoolitt@recycle.lbl.gov>

        pristine source directory compilation, lots of patches and fixes.

    Glenn Engel <glenne@engel.org>

        httpd

    Gennady Feldman <gfeldman@gena01.com>

        Sysklogd (single threaded syslogd, IPC Circular buffer support,
        logread), various fixes.

    Karl M. Hegbloom <karlheg@debian.org>

        cp_mv.c, the test suite, various fixes to utility.c, &c.

    Daniel Jacobowitz <dan@debian.org>

        mktemp.c

    Matt Kraai <kraai@alumni.cmu.edu>

        documentation, bugfixes, test suite

    Stephan Linz <linz@li-pro.net>

            ipcalc, Red Hat equivalence

    John Lombardo <john@deltanet.com>

        tr

    Glenn McGrath <bug1@iinet.net.au>

        Common unarchving code and unarchiving applets, ifupdown, ftpgetput,
        nameif, sed, patch, fold, install, uudecode.
        Various bugfixes, review and apply numerous patches.

    Manuel Novoa III <mjn3@codepoet.org>

        cat, head, mkfifo, mknod, rmdir, sleep, tee, tty, uniq, usleep, wc, yes,
        mesg, vconfig, make_directory, parse_mode, dirname, mode_string,
        get_last_path_component, simplify_path, and a number trivial libbb routines

        also bug fixes, partial rewrites, and size optimizations in
        ash, basename, cal, cmp, cp, df, du, echo, env, ln, logname, md5sum, mkdir,
        mv, realpath, rm, sort, tail, touch, uname, watch, arith, human_readable,
        interface, dutmp, ifconfig, route

    Vladimir Oleynik <dzo@simtreas.ru>

        cmdedit; xargs(current), httpd(current);
        ports: ash, crond, fdisk, inetd, stty, traceroute, top;
        locale, various fixes
        and irreconcilable critic of everything not perfect.

    Bruce Perens <bruce@pixar.com>

        Original author of BusyBox in 1995, 1996. Some of his code can
        still be found hiding here and there...

    Tim Riker <Tim@Rikers.org>

        bug fixes, member of fan club

    Kent Robotti <robotti@metconnect.com>

        reset, tons and tons of bug reports and patches.

    Chip Rosenthal <chip@unicom.com>, <crosenth@covad.com>

        wget - Contributed by permission of Covad Communications

    Pavel Roskin <proski@gnu.org>

        Lots of bugs fixes and patches.

    Gyepi Sam <gyepi@praxis-sw.com>

        Remote logging feature for syslogd

    Linus Torvalds <torvalds@transmeta.com>

        mkswap, fsck.minix, mkfs.minix

    Mark Whitley <markw@codepoet.org>

        grep, sed, cut, xargs(previous),
        style-guide, new-applet-HOWTO, bug fixes, etc.

    Charles P. Wright <cpwright@villagenet.com>

        gzip, mini-netcat(nc)

    Enrique Zanardi <ezanardi@ull.es>

        tarcat (since removed), loadkmap, various fixes, Debian maintenance

    Tito Ragusa <farmatito@tiscali.it>

            devfsd and size optimizations in strings, openvt and deallocvt.

